महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-172, verse-28

दृष्ट्वा तु पाण्डवीं सेनां दह्यमानां महाहवे ।
प्रहृष्टास्तावका राजन्सिंहनादान्विनेदिरे ॥२८॥

28. dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavīṁ senāṁ dahyamānāṁ mahāhave ,
prahṛṣṭāstāvakā rājansiṁhanādānvinedire.

28. dṛṣṭvā tu pāṇḍavīm senām dahyamānām mahāhave
prahṛṣṭāḥ tāvakāḥ rājan siṃhanādān vinedire

28. rājan tu mahāhave dahyamānām pāṇḍavīm senām
dṛṣṭvā tāvakāḥ prahṛṣṭāḥ siṃhanādān vinedire

28. But O king, having seen the Pāṇḍava army being consumed in the great battle, your men (tāvaka) were greatly delighted and roared lion-like roars.

Words meanings summery:

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पाण्डवीम् (pāṇḍavīm) - Pāṇḍava's, belonging to Pāṇḍu

• सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

• दह्यमानाम् (dahyamānām) - being burnt, being consumed by fire

• महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

• प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, greatly pleased, joyful

• तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your people, your men, yours

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• सिंहनादान् (siṁhanādān) - lion-roars, roaring like lions

• विनेदिरे (vinedire) - they roared, they sounded

Words meanings and morphology

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Indeclinable participle from √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पाण्डवीम् (pāṇḍavīm) - Pāṇḍava's, belonging to Pāṇḍu

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pāṇḍavī

pāṇḍavī - belonging to Pāṇḍu or the Pāṇḍavas; a female descendant of Pāṇḍu

Feminine form of Pāṇḍava (descendant of Pāṇḍu)

Note: Agrees with 'senām'.

सेनाम् (senām) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

दह्यमानाम् (dahyamānām) - being burnt, being consumed by fire

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - being burnt, burning, consuming by fire

Present Middle Participle

Derived from √dah (to burn)

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'senām'.

महाहवे (mahāhave) - in the great battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mahāhava

mahāhava - great battle, great war

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+āhava)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• āhava – battle, war, fight
  noun (masculine)

प्रहृष्टाः (prahṛṣṭāḥ) - delighted, greatly pleased, joyful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - delighted, very glad, joyful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from pra-√hṛṣ (to rejoice, be glad)

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'tāvakāḥ'.

तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your people, your men, yours

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, thine; your people, your men

Derived from 'tva' (you) with possessive suffix

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

सिंहनादान् (siṁhanādān) - lion-roars, roaring like lions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siṃhanāda

siṁhanāda - lion's roar, a mighty roar

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siṃha+nāda)

• siṃha – lion
  noun (masculine)
• nāda – sound, roar, cry
  noun (masculine)

विनेदिरे (vinedire) - they roared, they sounded

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past perfect (lit) of nad

Perfect Middle

3rd plural Perfect Middle from vi-√nad (to make a noise, roar)

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)