महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-172, verse-14

स तु यत्तो रथे स्थित्वा वार्युपस्पृश्य वीर्यवान् ।
देवैरपि सुदुर्धर्षमस्त्रमाग्नेयमाददे ॥१४॥

14. sa tu yatto rathe sthitvā vāryupaspṛśya vīryavān ,
devairapi sudurdharṣamastramāgneyamādade.

14. sa tu yattaḥ rathe sthitvā vāri upaspṛśya vīryavān
devaiḥ api sudurdharṣam astram āgneyam ādade

14. tu sa vīryavān yattaḥ rathe sthitvā vāri upaspṛśya
devaiḥ api sudurdharṣam āgneyam astram ādade

14. But that powerful one (Aśvatthāmā), having prepared himself and stood in his chariot, first performed the ritual touching of water, and then grasped the Agneya weapon, which was very difficult for even the gods to overpower.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Aśvatthāmā) (he, that one)

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• यत्तः (yattaḥ) - prepared, ready, attentive, focused

• रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

• स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained

• वारि (vāri) - water

• उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed the ritual sipping of water (ācamana) (having touched, having ritually sipped (water))

• वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, mighty

• देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• सुदुर्धर्षम् (sudurdharṣam) - very difficult to overpower, very formidable, irresistible

• अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile (divine weapon)

• आग्नेयम् (āgneyam) - fiery, pertaining to Agni, Agneya (weapon)

• आददे (ādade) - he took up, he grasped, he wielded

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Aśvatthāmā) (he, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāmā.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

यत्तः (yattaḥ) - prepared, ready, attentive, focused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatta

yatta - prepared, ready, striving, self-controlled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'yat' (to strive, endeavor) with suffix 'kta'

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sa' and 'vīryavān'.

रथे (rathe) - in the chariot

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: ramh

स्थित्वा (sthitvā) - having stood, having remained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with suffix 'ktvā'

Root: sthā (class 1)

वारि (vāri) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāri

vāri - water

उपस्पृश्य (upaspṛśya) - having performed the ritual sipping of water (ācamana) (having touched, having ritually sipped (water))

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'spṛś' (to touch) with prefix 'upa' and suffix 'lyap'

Prefix: upa

Root: spṛś (class 6)

वीर्यवान् (vīryavān) - powerful, valorous, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīryavat

vīryavat - powerful, valorous, mighty, possessing strength

Possessive adjective from 'vīrya' (valor, strength), suffix 'matup'

Note: Agrees with 'sa'.

देवैः (devaiḥ) - by the gods

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

सुदुर्धर्षम् (sudurdharṣam) - very difficult to overpower, very formidable, irresistible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sudurdharṣa

sudurdharṣa - very difficult to overcome, very formidable, invincible, irresistible

Compound of 'su' (very) + 'dur' (difficult) + 'dharṣa' (to overcome)

Compound type : pradi-samasa (su+dur+dharṣa)

• su – good, well, very, easily
  prefix
• dur – bad, difficult, hard, ill
  prefix
• dharṣa – assailable, conquerable
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhṛṣ' (to dare, to overcome) with suffix 'a'
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'astram'.

अस्त्रम् (astram) - weapon, missile (divine weapon)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astra

astra - weapon, missile, divine projectile

Derived from root 'as' (to throw) with suffix 'tra'

Root: as (class 4)

आग्नेयम् (āgneyam) - fiery, pertaining to Agni, Agneya (weapon)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āgneya

āgneya - fiery, relating to Agni (god of fire), produced by fire

Derived from 'agni' (fire, god of fire) with suffix 'eya'

Note: Agrees with 'astram'.

आददे (ādade) - he took up, he grasped, he wielded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (liṭ) of dā

Perfect Middle

3rd person singular perfect middle of root 'dā' (to take) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)