महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-7, chapter-172, verse-61
जलं दिवं खं क्षितिं चन्द्रसूर्यौ तथा वाय्वग्नी प्रतिमानं जगच्च ।
नालं द्रष्टुं यमजं भिन्नवृत्ता ब्रह्मद्विषघ्नममृतस्य योनिम् ॥६१॥
नालं द्रष्टुं यमजं भिन्नवृत्ता ब्रह्मद्विषघ्नममृतस्य योनिम् ॥६१॥
61. jalaṁ divaṁ khaṁ kṣitiṁ candrasūryau; tathā vāyvagnī pratimānaṁ jagacca ,
nālaṁ draṣṭuṁ yamajaṁ bhinnavṛttā; brahmadviṣaghnamamṛtasya yonim.
nālaṁ draṣṭuṁ yamajaṁ bhinnavṛttā; brahmadviṣaghnamamṛtasya yonim.
61.
jalam divam kham kṣitim candrasūryau
tathā vāyvagnī pratimānam jagat ca
| na alam draṣṭum yamajam bhinnavṛttā
brahmadvīṣaghnam amṛtasya yonim
tathā vāyvagnī pratimānam jagat ca
| na alam draṣṭum yamajam bhinnavṛttā
brahmadvīṣaghnam amṛtasya yonim
61.
jalam divam kham kṣitim candrasūryau
tathā vāyvagnī jagat ca pratimānam
yamajam bhinnavṛttā brahmadvīṣaghnam
amṛtasya yonim draṣṭum na alam
tathā vāyvagnī jagat ca pratimānam
yamajam bhinnavṛttā brahmadvīṣaghnam
amṛtasya yonim draṣṭum na alam
61.
Water, heaven, space, earth, the moon and sun, and also the wind and fire, indeed the entire world, serve as its measure or manifestation. Yet, one is unable to directly perceive that unparalleled entity, whose nature is diverse, who destroys those hostile to (brahman), and who is the source of immortality.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- जलम् (jalam) - water
- दिवम् (divam) - heaven, sky
- खम् (kham) - space, ether, sky
- क्षितिम् (kṣitim) - earth, ground
- चन्द्रसूर्यौ (candrasūryau) - moon and sun
- तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and, also)
- वाय्वग्नी (vāyvagnī) - wind and fire
- प्रतिमानम् (pratimānam) - manifestation, representation (measure, image, standard, manifestation)
- जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, moving)
- च (ca) - and
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- अलम् (alam) - able (to do something) (sufficient, able, enough)
- द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to perceive directly (to see, to perceive)
- यमजम् (yamajam) - unparalleled, unique (twin-born, similar, unparalleled (by negation))
- भिन्नवृत्ता (bhinnavṛttā) - whose nature is diverse (referring to the Supreme Being's manifestations) (of different nature/course/behavior)
- ब्रह्मद्वीषघ्नम् (brahmadvīṣaghnam) - destroyer of those hostile to (brahman) (destroyer of the enemies of (brahman), slayer of those hostile to (brahman))
- अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of immortality (of immortality, of nectar)
- योनिम् (yonim) - source (source, origin, womb)
Words meanings and morphology
जलम् (jalam) - water
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of jala
jala - water
दिवम् (divam) - heaven, sky
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of div
div - heaven, sky, celestial region
खम् (kham) - space, ether, sky
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kha
kha - space, ether, sky
क्षितिम् (kṣitim) - earth, ground
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣiti
kṣiti - earth, ground, habitation
चन्द्रसूर्यौ (candrasūryau) - moon and sun
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of candrasūrya
candrasūrya - moon and sun
Compound type : dvandva (candra+sūrya)
- candra – moon
noun (masculine) - sūrya – sun
noun (masculine)
तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and, also)
(indeclinable)
वाय्वग्नी (vāyvagnī) - wind and fire
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, dual of vāyvagnī
vāyvagnī - wind and fire
Compound type : dvandva (vāyu+agni)
- vāyu – wind, air
noun (masculine) - agni – fire
noun (masculine)
प्रतिमानम् (pratimānam) - manifestation, representation (measure, image, standard, manifestation)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pratimāna
pratimāna - measure, image, standard, manifestation
Prefix: prati
Root: mā (class 3)
Note: Functions as a predicate for the preceding list of cosmic elements.
जगत् (jagat) - the world (world, universe, moving)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of jagat
jagat - world, universe, moving
Present Active Participle
From root 'gam' with reduplication
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Part of the list of things that serve as a measure or manifestation.
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
अलम् (alam) - able (to do something) (sufficient, able, enough)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used with infinitive draṣṭum to mean 'not able to see'.
द्रष्टुम् (draṣṭum) - to perceive directly (to see, to perceive)
(indeclinable)
Infinitive
Formed from root dṛś
Root: dṛś (class 1)
यमजम् (yamajam) - unparalleled, unique (twin-born, similar, unparalleled (by negation))
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yamaja
yamaja - twin-born, similar, produced in pairs; by negation, unparalleled
Derived from yama, meaning 'twin' or 'pair'
Root: jan (class 4)
भिन्नवृत्ता (bhinnavṛttā) - whose nature is diverse (referring to the Supreme Being's manifestations) (of different nature/course/behavior)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of bhinnavṛtta
bhinnavṛtta - of different nature, diverse in conduct, of varied course
Compound of 'bhinna' (broken, separated) and 'vṛtta' (conduct, course, nature)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhinna+vṛtta)
- bhinna – broken, separated, different
adjective
Past Passive Participle
From root 'bhid' (to break)
Root: bhid (class 7) - vṛtta – conduct, course, nature, activity
noun (neuter)
From root 'vṛt' (to be, to exist, to turn)
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: The grammatical gender and case are problematic if it refers to the same singular neuter entity as 'yamajam' and 'brahmadvīṣaghnam'. It could be an epithet for a feminine principle (like Śakti) or a poetic license. I'm analyzing for feminine singular accusative.
ब्रह्मद्वीषघ्नम् (brahmadvīṣaghnam) - destroyer of those hostile to (brahman) (destroyer of the enemies of (brahman), slayer of those hostile to (brahman))
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of brahmadvīṣaghna
brahmadvīṣaghna - slayer of the enemies of (brahman)
Compound of 'brahman' (the Absolute), 'dvīṣa' (hater, enemy), and 'ghna' (slayer). 'dvīṣaghna' is a compound meaning 'slayer of enemies', thus 'brahmadvīṣaghna' means 'slayer of enemies of brahman'
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+dvīṣa+ghna)
- brahman – the Absolute, ultimate reality, sacred word
noun (neuter)
Root: bṛh (class 1) - dvīṣa – hating, hostile, enemy
noun (masculine)
From root 'dviṣ' (to hate)
Root: dviṣ (class 2) - ghna – slayer, destroyer, killing
adjective
Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill)
Root: han (class 2)
अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of immortality (of immortality, of nectar)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, singular of amṛta
amṛta - immortal, immortality, nectar
negation (a-) of 'mṛta' (dead), from root 'mṛ' (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
योनिम् (yonim) - source (source, origin, womb)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of yoni
yoni - womb, source, origin, place of birth
Root: yu (class 2)