महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-172, verse-18

पक्षिणः पशवो गावो मुनयश्चापि सुव्रताः ।
परमं प्रयतात्मानो न शान्तिमुपलेभिरे ॥१८॥

18. pakṣiṇaḥ paśavo gāvo munayaścāpi suvratāḥ ,
paramaṁ prayatātmāno na śāntimupalebhire.

18. pakṣiṇaḥ paśavaḥ gāvaḥ munayaḥ ca api suvratāḥ
paramam prayatātmānaḥ na śāntim upalebhire

18. pakṣiṇaḥ paśavaḥ gāvaḥ ca api suvratāḥ munayaḥ
paramam prayatātmānaḥ na śāntim upalebhire

18. Birds, animals, cows, and even the virtuous sages, though greatly self-controlled (ātman), could not find peace.

Words meanings summery:

• पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

• पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals, beasts, cattle

• गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, recluses

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• सुव्रताः (suvratāḥ) - of good vows, virtuous, devout

• परमम् (paramam) - supremely, greatly, exceedingly

• प्रयतात्मानः (prayatātmānaḥ) - with controlled selves, self-controlled

• न (na) - not, no

• शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, tranquility, calm

• उपलेभिरे (upalebhire) - they obtained, they found

Words meanings and morphology

पक्षिणः (pakṣiṇaḥ) - birds

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pakṣin

pakṣin - bird (having wings)

पशवः (paśavaḥ) - animals, beasts, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, beast, cattle

गावः (gāvaḥ) - cows, cattle

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of go

go - cow, ox, cattle, ray of light, earth

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, recluses

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, pious person, silent one

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

सुव्रताः (suvratāḥ) - of good vows, virtuous, devout

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suvrata

suvrata - of good vows, virtuous, pious, well-behaved

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+vrata)

• su – good, excellent, well
  indeclinable
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, rule
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'munayaḥ'.

परमम् (paramam) - supremely, greatly, exceedingly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, excellent, ultimate

Note: Functions as an adverb modifying 'prayatātmānaḥ'.

प्रयतात्मानः (prayatātmānaḥ) - with controlled selves, self-controlled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayatātman

prayatātman - having a restrained self (ātman), self-controlled, disciplined

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prayata+ātman)

• prayata – restrained, controlled, disciplined, prepared
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'yam' (to restrain) with prefix 'pra-'.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: yam (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, essence, spirit, individual self (ātman), vital breath
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'munayaḥ', 'pakṣiṇaḥ', 'paśavaḥ', 'gāvaḥ' collectively.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

शान्तिम् (śāntim) - peace, tranquility, calm

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śānti

śānti - peace, tranquility, calm, quiet, cessation

उपलेभिरे (upalebhire) - they obtained, they found

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (lit) of upalabh

Perfect (Lit) form

Root 'labh' (to obtain) with prefix 'upa-'. Perfect (Lit) tense, 3rd person plural, middle voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)