महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-27, verse-86

ख्यातिर्यस्याः खं दिवं गां च नित्यं पुरा दिशो विदिशश्चावतस्थे ।
तस्या जलं सेव्य सरिद्वराया मर्त्याः सर्वे कृतकृत्या भवन्ति ॥८६॥

86. khyātiryasyāḥ khaṁ divaṁ gāṁ ca nityaṁ; purā diśo vidiśaścāvatasthe ,
tasyā jalaṁ sevya saridvarāyā; martyāḥ sarve kṛtakṛtyā bhavanti.

86. khyātiḥ yasyāḥ kham divam gām ca
nityam purā diśaḥ vidiśaḥ ca avatasthe
tasyāḥ jalam sevya saridvarāyāḥ
martyāḥ sarve kṛtakṛtyāḥ bhavanti

86. yasyāḥ khyātiḥ nityam kham divam gām ca purā diśaḥ vidiśaḥ ca avatasthe,
tasyāḥ saridvarāyāḥ jalam sevya,
sarve martyāḥ kṛtakṛtyāḥ bhavanti

86. Whose renown constantly pervaded the sky, heaven, and earth, and earlier, all main and intermediate directions. By resorting to the water of that excellent river, all mortals become fulfilled (kṛtakṛtyā).

Words meanings summery:

• ख्यातिः (khyātiḥ) - The widespread recognition and glory of Gaṅgā. (fame, renown, celebrity)

• यस्याः (yasyāḥ) - Refers to Gaṅgā. (whose, of which (feminine))

• खम् (kham) - One of the regions pervaded by Gaṅgā's fame. (sky, ether, space)

• दिवम् (divam) - One of the regions pervaded by Gaṅgā's fame. (heaven, sky)

• गाम् (gām) - Here, refers to the earth, one of the regions pervaded by Gaṅgā's fame. (earth, cow)

• च (ca) - and

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• पुरा (purā) - Indicates that Gaṅgā's fame extended even in ancient times. (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - The main directions, pervaded by Gaṅgā's renown. (directions (cardinal))

• विदिशः (vidiśaḥ) - The sub-directions (e.g., northeast), also pervaded by Gaṅgā's renown. (intermediate directions)

• च (ca) - and

• अवतस्थे (avatasthe) - Referring to Gaṅgā's fame, meaning it extended and was established across all realms. (stood, existed, was established, pervaded)

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - Refers to the Gaṅgā, explicitly connecting to 'saridvarāyāḥ'. (of that (feminine))

• जलम् (jalam) - The sacred waters of the Gaṅgā. (water)

• सेव्य (sevya) - By resorting to, by making use of, or by honoring the water. (having been resorted to, to be served, having served)

• सरिद्वरायाः (saridvarāyāḥ) - Refers to Gaṅgā as the supreme river. (of the best of rivers)

• मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals, human beings

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• कृतकृत्याः (kṛtakṛtyāḥ) - Describes mortals who achieve spiritual fulfillment by taking refuge in Gaṅgā. (having accomplished their purpose, fulfilled)

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they exist

Words meanings and morphology

ख्यातिः (khyātiḥ) - The widespread recognition and glory of Gaṅgā. (fame, renown, celebrity)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of khyāti

khyāti - fame, renown, celebrity, declaration

Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'avatasthe'.

यस्याः (yasyāḥ) - Refers to Gaṅgā. (whose, of which (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Connects the clause to the implied Gaṅgā.

खम् (kham) - One of the regions pervaded by Gaṅgā's fame. (sky, ether, space)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kha

kha - sky, ether, space, zero

Note: Object of 'avatasthe' indirectly.

दिवम् (divam) - One of the regions pervaded by Gaṅgā's fame. (heaven, sky)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

Note: Object of 'avatasthe' indirectly.

गाम् (gām) - Here, refers to the earth, one of the regions pervaded by Gaṅgā's fame. (earth, cow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, earth, ray of light

Note: Object of 'avatasthe' indirectly.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'avatasthe'.

पुरा (purā) - Indicates that Gaṅgā's fame extended even in ancient times. (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'avatasthe'.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - The main directions, pervaded by Gaṅgā's renown. (directions (cardinal))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'avatasthe' indirectly.

विदिशः (vidiśaḥ) - The sub-directions (e.g., northeast), also pervaded by Gaṅgā's renown. (intermediate directions)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of vidiś

vidiś - intermediate direction

Prefix: vi

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of 'avatasthe' indirectly.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अवतस्थे (avatasthe) - Referring to Gaṅgā's fame, meaning it extended and was established across all realms. (stood, existed, was established, pervaded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of avasthā

Perfect Middle

Derived from root sthā (to stand) with upasarga ava (down, away, off).

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'khyātiḥ'.

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - Refers to the Gaṅgā, explicitly connecting to 'saridvarāyāḥ'. (of that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Correlative to 'yasyāḥ'.

जलम् (jalam) - The sacred waters of the Gaṅgā. (water)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Note: Object of 'sevya'.

सेव्य (sevya) - By resorting to, by making use of, or by honoring the water. (having been resorted to, to be served, having served)

(indeclinable)

Gerund

Derived from root sev (to serve) with suffix -ya (absolutive suffix).

Root: sev (class 1)

सरिद्वरायाः (saridvarāyāḥ) - Refers to Gaṅgā as the supreme river. (of the best of rivers)

(compound)

Compound type : genitive tatpurusha (sarit+varā)

• sarit – river
  noun (feminine)
• varā – best, excellent, distinguished
  adjective (feminine)

Note: Modifies 'jalam'.

मर्त्याः (martyāḥ) - mortals, human beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of martya

martya - mortal, human being

Root: mṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'bhavanti'.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Agrees with 'martyāḥ'.

कृतकृत्याः (kṛtakṛtyāḥ) - Describes mortals who achieve spiritual fulfillment by taking refuge in Gaṅgā. (having accomplished their purpose, fulfilled)

(compound)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṛta+kṛtya)

• kṛta – done, made, performed (past passive participle)
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kṛtya – that which should be done, duty, action, purpose
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'martyāḥ'.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they exist

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active

Root: bhū (class 1)

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