महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-27, verse-69

उत्क्रामद्भिश्च यः प्राणैः प्रयतः शिष्टसंमतः ।
चिन्तयेन्मनसा गङ्गां स गतिं परमां लभेत् ॥६९॥

69. utkrāmadbhiśca yaḥ prāṇaiḥ prayataḥ śiṣṭasaṁmataḥ ,
cintayenmanasā gaṅgāṁ sa gatiṁ paramāṁ labhet.

69. utkrāmadbhiḥ ca yaḥ prāṇaiḥ prayataḥ śiṣṭasaṃmataḥ
cintayet manasā gaṅgām sa gatim paramām labhet

69. yaḥ śiṣṭasaṃmataḥ prayataḥ utkrāmadbhiḥ prāṇaiḥ ca manasā gaṅgām cintayet,
sa paramām gatim labhet.

69. And he who, self-controlled and approved by the wise, meditates on Gaṅgā in his mind while his life forces (prāṇa) are departing, attains the supreme destination.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्क्रामद्भिः (utkrāmadbhiḥ) - by the departing (life forces) (by those who are departing, by the ones rising up)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

• प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - by the life forces (prāṇa) (by life forces, by breaths, by vital airs)

• प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - self-controlled (striving, self-controlled, devout, pure)

• शिष्टसंमतः (śiṣṭasaṁmataḥ) - approved by the wise (approved by the wise, accepted by the educated)

• चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - (he) meditates (one should think, one should meditate)

• मनसा (manasā) - in his mind (by the mind, with the mind)

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Gaṅgā (Gaṅgā (Ganges river))

• स (sa) - he (he, that)

• गतिम् (gatim) - destination (destination, path, movement, state)

• परमाम् (paramām) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

• लभेत् (labhet) - (he) attains (one should obtain, one should attain)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्क्रामद्भिः (utkrāmadbhiḥ) - by the departing (life forces) (by those who are departing, by the ones rising up)

(participle)

Instrumental, plural of utkrāmat

utkrāmat - departing, rising, going out

Present Active Participle

From ut (prefix) + kram (to step, go)

Prefix: ut

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally with 'prāṇaiḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

प्राणैः (prāṇaiḥ) - by the life forces (prāṇa) (by life forces, by breaths, by vital airs)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of prāṇa

prāṇa - breath, vital air, life force, spirit

From pra (prefix) + an (to breathe)

Prefix: pra

Root: an (class 2)

प्रयतः (prayataḥ) - self-controlled (striving, self-controlled, devout, pure)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayata

prayata - restrained, self-controlled, pure, devoted

Past Passive Participle

From pra (prefix) + yam (to restrain, control)

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ'.

शिष्टसंमतः (śiṣṭasaṁmataḥ) - approved by the wise (approved by the wise, accepted by the educated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiṣṭasaṃmata

śiṣṭasaṁmata - approved by the learned, respected by the good

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śiṣṭa+saṃmata)

• śiṣṭa – learned, disciplined, wise, remainder
  adjective (P.P.P.) (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From śiṣ (to teach, to discipline)
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• saṃmata – approved, accepted, esteemed
  adjective (P.P.P.) (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From sam (prefix) + man (to think, consider)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ'.

चिन्तयेत् (cintayet) - (he) meditates (one should think, one should meditate)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of cint

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root cit (to perceive) + causative suffix -aya + optative ending. Dhātu cint itself is often treated as a verbal root (10th class).

Root: cint (class 10)

Note: Implies 'should meditate' but contextually can be taken as an action.

मनसा (manasā) - in his mind (by the mind, with the mind)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, thought

s-stem neuter noun.

Root: man (class 4)

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Gaṅgā (Gaṅgā (Ganges river))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - The Ganges river

Note: Object of 'cintayet'.

स (sa) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Correlates with 'yaḥ'.

गतिम् (gatim) - destination (destination, path, movement, state)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, moving, course, path, destination, state

From root gam (to go) + suffix -ti.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Object of 'labhet'.

परमाम् (paramām) - supreme (supreme, highest, ultimate)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parama

parama - highest, best, supreme, ultimate

Superlative form from para (other, beyond).

Note: Agrees with 'gatim'.

लभेत् (labhet) - (he) attains (one should obtain, one should attain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of labh

Optative Mood, 3rd Person Singular, Middle Voice (ātmanepada)

Root labh (1st class) + optative ending.

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Implies 'should attain', but can be interpreted as a potential outcome.

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