महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-27, verse-25

सिद्ध उवाच ।
ते देशास्ते जनपदास्तेऽऽश्रमास्ते च पर्वताः ।
येषां भागीरथी गङ्गा मध्येनैति सरिद्वरा ॥२५॥

25. siddha uvāca ,
te deśāste janapadāste''śramāste ca parvatāḥ ,
yeṣāṁ bhāgīrathī gaṅgā madhyenaiti saridvarā.

25. siddhaḥ uvāca te deśāḥ te janapadāḥ te āśramāḥ te ca
parvatāḥ yeṣām bhāgīrathī gaṅgā madhyena eti saritvarā

25. siddhaḥ uvāca yeṣām bhāgīrathī gaṅgā saritvarā madhyena
eti te deśāḥ te janapadāḥ te āśramāḥ te ca parvatāḥ

25. The Siddha said: "Those are indeed the lands, those are the provinces, those are the hermitages, and those are the mountains, through which the Bhagirathi Ganga, the foremost of rivers, flows."

Words meanings summery:

• सिद्धः (siddhaḥ) - the Siddha (a semi-divine being or accomplished sage) who is speaking (the perfected one, the sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (as narrated by the Siddha) (said, spoke)

• ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

• देशाः (deśāḥ) - lands, regions, places

• ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

• जनपदाः (janapadāḥ) - countries, provinces, populated regions

• ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

• आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - hermitages, spiritual retreats

• ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

• च (ca) - and

• पर्वताः (parvatāḥ) - mountains

• येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose (lands, provinces, hermitages, and mountains) (of whom, whose)

• भागीरथी (bhāgīrathī) - the specific name of the river Ganga, referring to its descent brought by Bhagiratha (Bhagirathi (a name for the Ganga))

• गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - the Ganga (river)

• मध्येन (madhyena) - through the midst of these geographical features (through the middle, by means of the middle)

• एति (eti) - flows (referring to the river Ganga) (goes, comes, flows)

• सरित्वरा (saritvarā) - the best among rivers (referring to the Ganga) (best of rivers)

Words meanings and morphology

सिद्धः (siddhaḥ) - the Siddha (a semi-divine being or accomplished sage) who is speaking (the perfected one, the sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfected, successful; a perfected sage, a semi-divine being

Past Passive Participle of root 'sidh' (to accomplish) used as a noun

Root: sidh (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (as narrated by the Siddha) (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

देशाः (deśāḥ) - lands, regions, places

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deśa

deśa - place, country, region

Root: diś (class 6)

ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

जनपदाः (janapadāḥ) - countries, provinces, populated regions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of janapada

janapada - country, inhabited land, community, province

ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

आश्रमाः (āśramāḥ) - hermitages, spiritual retreats

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, monastic retreat, a stage of life (āśrama)

Derived from root 'śram' (to toil) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: śram (class 4)

ते (te) - those (lands, countries, etc.) (those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पर्वताः (parvatāḥ) - mountains

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

येषाम् (yeṣām) - whose (lands, provinces, hermitages, and mountains) (of whom, whose)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what

भागीरथी (bhāgīrathī) - the specific name of the river Ganga, referring to its descent brought by Bhagiratha (Bhagirathi (a name for the Ganga))

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāgīrathī

bhāgīrathī - the river Ganga (brought by Bhagiratha)

Feminine derivative from Bhagiratha

गङ्गा (gaṅgā) - the Ganga (river)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Ganga

Root: gam (class 1)

मध्येन (madhyena) - through the midst of these geographical features (through the middle, by means of the middle)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, center, midst

एति (eti) - flows (referring to the river Ganga) (goes, comes, flows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of i

Present tense 3rd person singular active

Root: i (class 2)

सरित्वरा (saritvarā) - the best among rivers (referring to the Ganga) (best of rivers)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of saritvarā

saritvarā - best of rivers, the Ganga

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarit+varā)

• sarit – river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: sṛ (class 1)
• varā – best, excellent, chosen
  adjective (feminine)
  Feminine form of 'vara'
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

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