महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-27, verse-74

मात्रा पित्रा सुतैर्दारैर्वियुक्तस्य धनेन वा ।
न भवेद्धि तथा दुःखं यथा गङ्गावियोगजम् ॥७४॥

74. mātrā pitrā sutairdārairviyuktasya dhanena vā ,
na bhaveddhi tathā duḥkhaṁ yathā gaṅgāviyogajam.

74. mātrā pitrā sutaiḥ dāraiḥ viyuktasya dhanena vā
na bhavet hi tathā duḥkham yathā gaṅgāviyogajam

74. mātrā pitrā sutaiḥ dāraiḥ vā dhanena viyuktasya
tathā duḥkham na hi bhavet yathā gaṅgāviyogajam

74. Indeed, the sorrow experienced by one separated from their mother, father, children, or spouse, or even from wealth, is not as profound as the sorrow arising from separation from the Gaṅgā.

Words meanings summery:

• मात्रा (mātrā) - by the mother

• पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father

• सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by the sons, by the children

• दारैः (dāraiḥ) - by the wives, by the spouse

• वियुक्तस्य (viyuktasya) - of one separated, of one deprived

• धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth

• वा (vā) - or, either

• न (na) - not

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

• गङ्गावियोगजम् (gaṅgāviyogajam) - born of separation from the Gaṅgā

Words meanings and morphology

मात्रा (mātrā) - by the mother

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

पित्रा (pitrā) - by the father

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by the sons, by the children

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child

Past Passive Participle

From root su (to beget) or sū (to bear).

Root: sū (class 2)

दारैः (dāraiḥ) - by the wives, by the spouse

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dāra

dāra - wife, wives

वियुक्तस्य (viyuktasya) - of one separated, of one deprived

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viyukta

viyukta - separated, disjoined, deprived of

Past Passive Participle

PPP of root yuj with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: yuj (class 7)

धनेन (dhanena) - by wealth

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhana

dhana - wealth, riches, money

Root: dhā (class 3)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood, Parasmaipada

3rd person singular, present optative, active voice

Root: bhū (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - sorrow, suffering, misery

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, misery, unhappiness

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, according to

(indeclinable)

गङ्गावियोगजम् (gaṅgāviyogajam) - born of separation from the Gaṅgā

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gaṅgāviyogaja

gaṅgāviyogaja - born from separation from the Gaṅgā

Compound type : tatpurusha (gaṅgā+viyoga+ja)

• gaṅgā – the river Ganges
  proper noun (feminine)
• viyoga – separation, disunion
  noun (masculine)
  From root yuj with prefix vi.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: yuj (class 7)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -ja from jan (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

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