महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-27, verse-19

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
शिलोञ्छवृत्तेः संवादं सिद्धस्य च युधिष्ठिर ॥१९॥

19. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atrāpyudāharantīmamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
śiloñchavṛtteḥ saṁvādaṁ siddhasya ca yudhiṣṭhira.

19. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api udāharanti imam itihāsam purātanam
śiloñchavṛtteḥ saṃvādaṃ siddhasya ca yudhiṣṭhira

19. yudhiṣṭhira bhīṣmaḥ uvāca atra api imam purātanam
itihāsam śiloñchavṛtteḥ siddhasya ca saṃvādaṃ udāharanti

19. Bhishma said: O Yudhishthira, in this regard, they also narrate this ancient historical account (itihāsa): the dialogue between a perfected sage (siddha) and one who lives by gleaning grains.

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, related

• अत्र (atra) - in this context or regard (here, in this place, in this matter)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they relate, they narrate, they cite

• इमम् (imam) - this

• इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, narrative, legend

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

• शिलोञ्छवृत्तेः (śiloñchavṛtteḥ) - Referring to a specific sage or householder who sustains himself by gleaning scattered grains. (of one who lives by gleaning grain)

• संवादं (saṁvādaṁ) - a dialogue, conversation

• सिद्धस्य (siddhasya) - of the perfected one, of the sage

• च (ca) - and

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira!

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name, 'terrible', 'awe-inspiring')

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke, related

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect Past Tense

3rd person singular, active voice, perfect tense (liṭ)

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - in this context or regard (here, in this place, in this matter)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उदाहरन्ति (udāharanti) - they relate, they narrate, they cite

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √hṛ

Present Tense

3rd person plural, active voice, present tense (laṭ), with prefixes 'ut' and 'ā'

Prefixes: ut+ā

Root: hṛ (class 1)

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

इतिहासम् (itihāsam) - historical account, narrative, legend

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, historical narrative, legend, epic

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old, primeval

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, primeval

शिलोञ्छवृत्तेः (śiloñchavṛtteḥ) - Referring to a specific sage or householder who sustains himself by gleaning scattered grains. (of one who lives by gleaning grain)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śiloñchavṛtti

śiloñchavṛtti - livelihood by gleaning grains, practice of gleaning; one who gleans grains

Compound type : tatpurusha (śila+uñcha+vṛtti)

• śila – gleaning, picking up grain left on the field
  noun (neuter)
• uñcha – gleaning, picking up scattered grains
  noun (masculine)
  Root: uñch (class 6)
• vṛtti – livelihood, mode of life, conduct
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

संवादं (saṁvādaṁ) - a dialogue, conversation

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvāda

saṁvāda - conversation, dialogue, discussion, agreement

From sam- + √vad (to speak)

Prefix: sam

Root: vad (class 1)

सिद्धस्य (siddhasya) - of the perfected one, of the sage

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of siddha

siddha - perfected, accomplished, achieved; a perfected being, sage, adept, mystic

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √sidh (to succeed, accomplish) + -ta

Root: sidh (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper name, lit. 'firm in battle')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in fight
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh'
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

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