महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-27, verse-65

न सुतैर्न च वित्तेन कर्मणा न च तत्फलम् ।
प्राप्नुयात्पुरुषोऽत्यन्तं गङ्गां प्राप्य यदाप्नुयात् ॥६५॥

65. na sutairna ca vittena karmaṇā na ca tatphalam ,
prāpnuyātpuruṣo'tyantaṁ gaṅgāṁ prāpya yadāpnuyāt.

65. na sutaiḥ na ca vittena karmaṇā na ca tatphalam
prāpnuyāt puruṣaḥ atyantam gaṅgām prāpya yat āpnuyāt

65. puruṣaḥ gaṅgām prāpya yat atyantam āpnuyāt,
tat sutaiḥ na ca vittena na ca karmaṇā na ca tatphalam prāpnuyāt

65. That ultimate spiritual merit which a person obtains by reaching the Gaṅgā cannot be obtained through sons, nor through wealth, nor through ritual actions (karma). Even the mere result (tatphalam) of such actions does not yield it.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by sons

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• वित्तेन (vittena) - by wealth, by property

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by ritual actions (by action, by deed, by ritual (karma))

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• तत्फलम् (tatphalam) - the (mundane) result of such actions (karma) (its result, that result)

• प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - one may obtain, one should obtain

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, a human being, a man (puruṣa)

• अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - ultimate (spiritual merit or benefit) (ultimate, extreme, immense, very)

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - the Gaṅgā river

• प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

• यत् (yat) - that (ultimate spiritual merit) (which, what (relative pronoun))

• आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - one may obtain, one should obtain

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by sons

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √sū (to give birth, to procreate), but commonly used as a noun meaning 'son'.

Root: sū (class 2)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

वित्तेन (vittena) - by wealth, by property

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vitta

vitta - wealth, property, acquisition, object of enjoyment

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vid (to find, to obtain, to possess), used here as a noun.

Root: vid (class 2)

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by ritual actions (by action, by deed, by ritual (karma))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, consequence of actions

Derived from √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

तत्फलम् (tatphalam) - the (mundane) result of such actions (karma) (its result, that result)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tatphala

tatphala - its fruit, that result

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+phala)

• tad – that, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

Note: Grammatically accusative, but semantically implies 'by means of that fruit' in context.

प्राप्नुयात् (prāpnuyāt) - one may obtain, one should obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of prāp

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, a human being, a man (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, spirit, cosmic person

अत्यन्तम् (atyantam) - ultimate (spiritual merit or benefit) (ultimate, extreme, immense, very)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atyanta

atyanta - excessive, extreme, ultimate, constant

From ati (beyond) + anta (end)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying an implied object like 'phalam' (fruit) or 'puṇyam' (merit).

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - the Gaṅgā river

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Ganges

प्राप्य (prāpya) - having obtained, having reached

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Indeclinable past participle (gerund) formed with the prefix pra- and the root √āp, used to indicate an action completed before the main verb.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

यत् (yat) - that (ultimate spiritual merit) (which, what (relative pronoun))

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

आप्नुयात् (āpnuyāt) - one may obtain, one should obtain

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of āp

Root: āp (class 5)

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