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मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्       mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-56

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मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
धराधरां जगद्योनेः पदं नारायणस्य च ।
ततः प्रवृत्ता या देवी गङ्गा त्रिपथगामिनी ॥१॥
1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
dharādharāṃ jagadyoneḥ padaṃ nārāyaṇasya ca .
tataḥ pravṛttā yā devī gaṅgā tripathagāminī.
1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca dharādharām jagadyoneḥ padam nārāyaṇasya
ca tataḥ pravṛttā yā devī gaṅgā tripathagāminī
1. Mārkaṇḍeya said: (I shall describe) the mountain (dharādhara) - which is the source of the world (jagadyoni) and the abode (pada) of Nārāyaṇa. From there, that divine Gaṅgā, who flows in three paths (tripathagāminī), originated.
सा प्रविश्य सुधायोनिं सोममाधारमम्भसाम् ।
ततः सम्बध्यमानार्करश्मिसङ्गतिपावनी ॥२॥
2. sā praviśya sudhāyoniṃ somamādhāramambhasām .
tataḥ sambadhyamānārkaraśmisaṅgatipāvanī.
2. sā praviśya sudhāyonim somam ādhāram ambhasām
| tataḥ sambadhyamānārkaraśmisaṅgatipāvanī
2. She, having entered Soma (the moon) - the source of nectar and the reservoir of waters - then became purified by the unifying contact of the sun's rays.
पपात मेरुपृष्ठे च सा चतुर्धा ततो ययौ ।
मेरुकूटतटान्तेभ्यो निपतन्ती ववर्तिता ॥३॥
3. papāta merupṛṣṭhe ca sā caturdhā tato yayau .
merukūṭataṭāntebhyo nipatantī vavartitā.
3. papāta merupṛṣṭhe ca sā caturdhā tataḥ yayau
merukūṭataṭāntebhyaḥ nipatantī vavartitā
3. The water fell upon Mount Meru's summit and then proceeded to flow in four branches. Descending from the slopes of Meru's peaks, it spread out.
विकीर्यमाणसलिला निरालम्बा पपात सा ।
मन्दराद्येषु पादेषु प्रविभक्तोदका समम् ॥४॥
4. vikīryamāṇasalilā nirālambā papāta sā .
mandarādyeṣu pādeṣu pravibhaktodakā samam.
4. vikīryamāṇasalilā nirālambā papāta sā
mandarādyeṣu pādeṣu pravibhaktodakā samam
4. With its water scattering and unsupported, it (the river) fell. Its waters then divided equally among the slopes of Mandara and other mountains.
चतुर्ष्वपि पपाताम्बुविभिन्नाङ्घ्रिशिलोच्चया ।
पूर्वा सीतेऽति विख्याता ययौ चैत्ररथं वनम् ॥५॥
5. caturṣvapi papātāmbuvibhinnāṅghriśiloccayā .
pūrvā sīte'ti vikhyātā yayau caitrarathaṃ vanam.
5. caturṣu api papāta ambu vibhinnaṅghriśiloccayā
pūrvā sītā iti vikhyātā yayau caitraratham vanam
5. The water fell upon all four (slopes), shattering the rock formations at their bases. The eastern branch, widely renowned as the Sītā river, flowed into the Caitraratha forest.
तत् प्लावयित्वा च ययौ वरुणोदं सरोवनम् ।
शीतान्तञ्च गिरिं तस्मात्ततश्चान्यान् गिरीन् क्रमात् ॥६॥
6. tat plāvayitvā ca yayau varuṇodaṃ sarovanam .
śītāntañca giriṃ tasmāttataścānyān girīn kramāt.
6. tat plāvayitvā ca yayau varuṇodam sarovanam śītāntam
ca girim tasmāt tataḥ ca anyān girīn kramāt
6. And after inundating that (Caitraratha) forest, it flowed to Varunoda, which was a lake-forest. From there, it proceeded to Śītānta mountain, and then sequentially to other mountains.
गत्वा भुवं समासाद्य भद्राश्वाज्जलधिं गता ।
तथैवालकनन्दाख्या दक्षिणे गन्धमादने ॥७॥
7. gatvā bhuvaṃ samāsādya bhadrāśvājjaladhiṃ gatā .
tathaivālakanandākhyā dakṣiṇe gandhamādane.
7. gatvā bhuvam samāsādya bhadrāśvāt jaladhim gatā
tathā eva alakanandā ākhyā dakṣiṇe gandhamādane
7. After reaching the earth from Bhadrāśva, she proceeded to the ocean. Similarly, the river known as Alakanandā went towards the south, to Mount Gandhamādana.
मेरुपादवनं गत्वा नन्दनं देवनन्दनम् ।
मानसञ्च महावेगात् प्लापयित्वा सरोवरम् ॥८॥
8. merupādavanaṃ gatvā nandanaṃ devanandanam .
mānasañca mahāvegāt plāpayitvā sarovaram.
8. merupādavanam gatvā nandanam devanandanam
mānasam ca mahāvegāt plāpayitvā sarovaram
8. After reaching the forest at the foot of Mount Meru, which is the delightful abode of the gods, and having flooded the Mānasa lake with great velocity...
आसाद्य शैलराजानं रम्यं हि शिखरन्तथा ।
तस्माच्च पर्वतान् सर्वान् दक्षिणोपक्रमोदितान् ॥९॥
9. āsādya śailarājānaṃ ramyaṃ hi śikharantathā .
tasmācca parvatān sarvān dakṣiṇopakramoditān.
9. āsādya śailarājānam ramyam hi śikharam tathā
tasmāt ca parvatān sarvān dakṣiṇopakramoditān
9. Having reached the king of mountains and its charming peak, and from there (flooded) all the mountains situated in the southern region...
तान् प्लावयित्वा संप्राप्ता हिमवन्तं महागिरिम् ।
दधार तत्र तां शम्भुर्न मुमोच वृषध्वजः ॥१०॥
10. tān plāvayitvā saṃprāptā himavantaṃ mahāgirim .
dadhāra tatra tāṃ śambhurna mumoca vṛṣadhvajaḥ.
10. tān plāpayitvā samprāptā himavantam mahāgirim
dadhāra tatra tām śambhuḥ na mumoca vṛṣadhvajaḥ
10. Having flooded those (mountains), she then reached the great mountain (Himālayas). There, Śambhu (Lord Śiva), who bears the bull emblem, held her and did not release her.
भघीरथेनोपवासैः स्तुत्या चाराधितो विभुः ।
तत्र मुक्ता च शर्वेण सप्तधा दक्षिणोदधिम् ॥११॥
11. bhaghīrathenopavāsaiḥ stutyā cārādhito vibhuḥ .
tatra muktā ca śarveṇa saptadhā dakṣiṇodadhim.
11. bhagīrathena upavāsaiḥ stutyā ca ārādhitaḥ vibhuḥ
tatra muktā ca śarveṇa saptadhā dakṣiṇodadhim
11. The all-pervading Lord (vibhu) was propitiated by Bhagiratha through fasts and praise. Thereupon, released by Shiva (Śarva), she [the Gaṅgā] flowed in seven streams towards the southern ocean.
प्रविवेश त्रिधा प्राच्यां प्लावयन्ती महानदी ।
भगीरथरथस्यानु स्त्रोतसैकेन दक्षिणाम् ॥१२॥
12. praviveśa tridhā prācyāṃ plāvayantī mahānadī .
bhagīratharathasyānu strotasaikena dakṣiṇām.
12. praviveśa tridhā prācyām plāvayantī mahānadī
bhagīratharathasya anu srotasā ekena dakṣiṇām
12. The great river (mahānadī) entered the eastern region in three streams, inundating [the land]. With one stream, she followed Bhagiratha's chariot towards the south.
शीतोदञ्च सरस्तस्मात् प्लावयन्ती महानदी ।
सुचक्षुः पर्वतं प्राप्ता ततश्च त्रिशिखं गता ॥१३॥
13. śītodañca sarastasmāt plāvayantī mahānadī .
sucakṣuḥ parvataṃ prāptā tataśca triśikhaṃ gatā.
13. śītodam ca saras tasmāt plāvayantī mahānadī
sucakṣuḥ parvatam prāptā tataḥ ca triśikham gatā
13. Inundating a cold lake (śītodam saras) from there, the great river (mahānadī) [known as] Sucakṣus reached a mountain, and from there proceeded to Triśikha (mountain).
तथैव पश्चिमे पादे विपुले सा महानदी ।
सुचक्षुरिति विख्याता वैभ्राजं साचलं ययौ ॥१४॥
14. tathaiva paścime pāde vipule sā mahānadī .
sucakṣuriti vikhyātā vaibhrājaṃ sācalaṃ yayau.
14. tathā eva paścime pāde vipule sā mahānadī
sucakṣuḥ iti vikhyātā vaibhrājam sācalam yayau
14. Likewise, in the vast western region, that great river (mahānadī), renowned as Sucakṣus, proceeded to the mountainous (sācalam) region of Vaibhraja.
तस्मात् क्रमेण चाद्रीणां शिखरेषु निपत्य सा ।
केतुमालं समासाद्य प्रविष्टा लवणोदधिम् ॥१५॥
15. tasmāt krameṇa cādrīṇāṃ śikhareṣu nipatya sā .
ketumālaṃ samāsādya praviṣṭā lavaṇodadhim.
15. tasmāt krameṇa ca adrīṇām śikhareṣu nipatya
sā ketumālam samāsādya praviṣṭā lavaṇodadhim
15. Therefore, having descended successively upon the mountain peaks, she reached the land of Ketumala and entered the salt ocean.
सुपार्श्वन्तु तथैवाद्रिं मेरुपादं हि सा गता ।
(भद्रसोमेति) तत्र सोमेति विख्याता सा ययौ सवितुर्वनम् ॥१६॥
16. supārśvantu tathaivādriṃ merupādaṃ hi sā gatā .
(bhadrasometi) tatra someti vikhyātā sā yayau saviturvanam.
16. supārśvam tu tathā eva adrim merupādam hi sā gatā
(bhadrasometi) tatra soma iti vikhyātā sā yayau saviturvanam
16. She also, in the same way, reached the Suparshva mountain, which is the foot of Meru. There, renowned as Soma (Bhadrasoma), she proceeded to the forest of Savitar.
तत्पावयन्ती संप्राप्ता महाभद्रं सरोवरम् ।
ततश्च शङ्खकूटं सा प्रयाता वै महानदी ॥१७॥
17. tatpāvayantī saṃprāptā mahābhadraṃ sarovaram .
tataśca śaṅkhakūṭaṃ sā prayātā vai mahānadī.
17. tat pāvayantī saṃprāptā mahābhadram sarovaram
tataḥ ca śaṅkhakūṭam sā prayātā vai mahānadī
17. Purifying that region, she arrived at the great Mahabhadra lake. And then, that great river proceeded to Shankhakuta mountain.
तस्माच्च वृषभादीन् सा क्रमात् प्राप्य शिलोच्चयान् ।
महार्णवमनुप्राप्ता प्लावयित्वोत्तरान् कुरून् ॥१८॥
18. tasmācca vṛṣabhādīn sā kramāt prāpya śiloccayān .
mahārṇavamanuprāptā plāvayitvottarān kurūn.
18. tasmāt ca vṛṣabhādīn sā kramāt prāpya śiloccayān
mahārṇavam anuprāptā plāvayitvā uttarān kurūn
18. From there, she successively reached mountains beginning with Vrishabha. Having inundated the Northern Kurus, she then arrived at the great ocean.
एवमेषा मया गङ्गां कथिता ते द्विजर्षभ ।
जम्बुद्वीपनिवेशश्च वर्षाणि च यथातथम् ॥१९॥
19. evameṣā mayā gaṅgāṃ kathitā te dvijarṣabha .
jambudvīpaniveśaśca varṣāṇi ca yathātatham.
19. evam eṣā mayā gaṅgām kathitā te dvijarṣabha
| jambudvīpaniveśaḥ ca varṣāṇi ca yathātatham
19. O best among the twice-born, I have thus described to you the Gaṅgā, as well as the layout of Jambudvīpa and its regions (varṣas), just as they are.
वसन्ति तेषु सर्वेषु प्रजाः किंपुरुषादिषु ।
सुखप्राया निरातङ्का न्यूनतोत्कर्षवर्जिताः ॥२०॥
20. vasanti teṣu sarveṣu prajāḥ kiṃpuruṣādiṣu .
sukhaprāyā nirātaṅkā nyūnatotkarṣavarjitāḥ.
20. vasanti teṣu sarveṣu prajāḥ kiṃpuruṣādiṣu |
sukhaprāyāḥ nirātaṅkāḥ nyūnatotkarṣavarjitāḥ
20. In all those regions, such as Kiṃpuruṣa and others, people reside who are generally happy, free from anxiety, and free from both inferiority and superiority.
नवस्वपि च वर्षेषु सप्त सप्त कुलाचलाः ।
एकैकस्मिंस्तथा देशे नद्यश्चाद्रिविनिः सृताः ॥२१॥
21. navasvapi ca varṣeṣu sapta sapta kulācalāḥ .
ekaikasmiṃstathā deśe nadyaścādriviniḥ sṛtāḥ.
21. navasu api ca varṣeṣu sapta sapta kulācalāḥ |
ekaikasmin tathā deśe nadyaḥ ca adriviniḥsṛtāḥ
21. And in all nine of those regions (varṣas), there are seven principal mountain ranges each. Similarly, in each of these lands, rivers flow forth from the mountains.
यानि किंपुरुषाद्यानि वर्षाण्यष्टौ द्विजोत्तम ।
तेषूद्भिज्जानि तोयानि मेघवार्यत्र भारते ॥२२॥
22. yāni kiṃpuruṣādyāni varṣāṇyaṣṭau dvijottama .
teṣūdbhijjāni toyāni meghavāryatra bhārate.
22. yāni kiṃpuruṣādyāni varṣāṇi aṣṭau dvijottama
| teṣu udbhijāni toyāni meghavāri atra bhārate
22. O best among the twice-born, in those eight regions (varṣas), such as Kiṃpuruṣa and others, the waters originate from the ground, whereas here in Bhārata, they are rainwater.
वार्क्षो स्वाभाविकी देश्या तोयोत्था मानसी तथा ।
कर्मजा च नृणां सिद्धर्वर्षेष्वेतेषु चाष्टसु ॥२३॥
23. vārkṣo svābhāvikī deśyā toyotthā mānasī tathā .
karmajā ca nṛṇāṃ siddharvarṣeṣveteṣu cāṣṭasu.
23. vārkṣaḥ svābhāvikī deśyā toyotthā mānasī tathā
karmajā ca nṛṇām siddhiḥ varṣeṣu eteṣu ca aṣṭasu
23. For humans residing in these eight regions (varṣas), there are various accomplishments (siddhis): arboreal, natural, local, water-born, mental, and also those stemming from action (karma).
कामप्रदेभ्यो वृक्षेभ्यो वार्क्षो सिद्धिः स्वभावजा ।
स्वाभाविकी समाख्याता तृप्तिर्देश्या च दैशिकी ॥२४॥
24. kāmapradebhyo vṛkṣebhyo vārkṣo siddhiḥ svabhāvajā .
svābhāvikī samākhyātā tṛptirdeśyā ca daiśikī.
24. kāmapradebhyaḥ vṛkṣebhyaḥ vārkṣaḥ siddhiḥ svabhāvajā
svābhāvikī samākhyātā tṛptiḥ deśyā ca daiśikī
24. The arboreal accomplishment (siddhi) arises from wish-fulfilling trees. The natural accomplishment (svābhāvikī siddhi) is defined as "svabhāvaja" (born of inherent nature). The local (deśyā) accomplishment is also described as satisfaction (tṛpti) and "daiśikī" (regional).
अपां शौक्ष्म्याच्च तोयोत्था ध्यानोपेता च मानसी ।
उपासनादिकार्यात्तु धर्मजा साप्युदाहृता ॥२५॥
25. apāṃ śaukṣmyācca toyotthā dhyānopetā ca mānasī .
upāsanādikāryāttu dharmajā sāpyudāhṛtā.
25. apām śaukṣmyāt ca toyotthā dhyānonpetā ca mānasī
upāsanādikāryāt tu dharmajā sā api udāhṛtā
25. The water-born accomplishment (siddhi) arises from the subtlety of waters. The mental accomplishment (siddhi) is associated with meditation (dhyāna). Furthermore, the accomplishment born from natural law (dharma-ja) is also declared to result from actions like worship (upāsanā) and similar practices.
न चैतेषु युगावस्था नाध्यो व्याधयो न च ।
पुण्यापुण्यसमारम्भो नैव तेषु द्विजोत्तम ॥२६॥
26. na caiteṣu yugāvasthā nādhyo vyādhayo na ca .
puṇyāpuṇyasamārambho naiva teṣu dvijottama.
26. na ca eteṣu yugāvasthā na ādhyaḥ vyādhayaḥ na
ca puṇyāpuṇyasamārambhaḥ na eva teṣu dvijottama
26. And in these (regions), there are no conditions of the yugas (epochs), no mental anxieties (ādhya), and no physical diseases (vyādhaya). Also, among them, O best among the twice-born (dvijottama), the commencement of merit and demerit (puṇya-apuṇya) certainly does not occur.

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