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मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्       mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam - chapter-111

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मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
निवृत्तोऽसौ ततो भूपः संग्रामात्स्वसुतेन वै ।
उपयेमे च तां वैश्यतनयां सोऽपि तत्सुतः ॥१॥
1. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
nivṛtto'sau tato bhūpaḥ saṃgrāmātsvasutena vai .
upayeme ca tāṃ vaiśyatanayāṃ so'pi tatsutaḥ.
1. Mārkaṇḍeya uvāca nivṛttaḥ asau tataḥ bhūpaḥ saṅgrāmāt
svasutena vai upayeme ca tām vaiśyatanayām saḥ api tatsutaḥ
1. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Then that king, having returned from battle with his own son, indeed married that merchant's daughter, and his son also married her.
ततः स वैश्यतां प्राप्तः समुपेत्याह पार्थिवम् ।
भूपाल यन्मया कार्यं तत्ममादिश्यतां मम ॥२॥
2. tataḥ sa vaiśyatāṃ prāptaḥ samupetyāha pārthivam .
bhūpāla yanmayā kāryaṃ tatmamādiśyatāṃ mama.
2. tataḥ saḥ vaiśyatām prāptaḥ samupetya āha pārthivam
bhūpāla yat mayā kāryam tat mama ādiśyatām
2. Then, having regained his status as a merchant, he approached the king and said: 'O King, whatever task is to be done by me, let that be commanded to me.'
राजोवाच ।
धर्माधिकरणे युक्ता बाभ्रव्याद्यास्तपस्विनः ।
यदस्य कर्मधर्माय तद्वदन्तु तथाचर ॥३॥
3. rājovāca .
dharmādhikaraṇe yuktā bābhravyādyāstapasvinaḥ .
yadasya karmadharmāya tadvadantu tathācara.
3. rāja uvāca dharmādhikaraṇe yuktāḥ bābhravyādyāḥ
tapasvinaḥ yat asya karmadharmāya tat vadantu tathā ācara
3. The king said: 'Let Bābhravya and other ascetics, who are appointed in the court of justice (dharma), declare what is suitable for his duty (karma-dharma). Then, you (the vaiśya) should act accordingly.'
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
ततस्ते मुनयस्तस्य पाशुपाल्यं तथा कृषिम् ।
वाणिज्यं च परं धर्ममाचचख्युः सभासदः ॥४॥
4. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
tataste munayastasya pāśupālyaṃ tathā kṛṣim .
vāṇijyaṃ ca paraṃ dharmamācacakhyuḥ sabhāsadaḥ.
4. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca | tataḥ te munayaḥ tasya pāśupālyam tathā
kṛṣim | vāṇijyam ca param dharmam ācacakhyuḥ sabhāsadaḥ
4. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Then, those sages who were members of the assembly instructed him regarding animal husbandry, agriculture, and trade, considering these his supreme duty (dharma).
तथैव चक्रे स सुतस्तस्य राज्ञो यथोदितम् ।
तैर्धर्मवादिभिर्धर्मं च्युतस्य निजधर्मतः ॥५॥
5. tathaiva cakre sa sutastasya rājño yathoditam .
tairdharmavādibhirdharmaṃ cyutasya nijadharmataḥ.
5. tathā eva cakre saḥ sutaḥ tasya rājñaḥ yathā uditam
| taiḥ dharmavādibhiḥ dharmam cyutasya nijadharmataḥ
5. The king's son then performed his duties (dharma) exactly as instructed by those upholders of duty (dharma), (these duties being) for one who had deviated from his own intrinsic nature (dharma).
तस्य पुत्रस्ततो जातो नाम्ना ख्यातो भलन्दनः ।
स मात्रा प्रहितो गच्छद्गोपालो भव पुत्रक ॥६॥
6. tasya putrastato jāto nāmnā khyāto bhalandanaḥ .
sa mātrā prahito gacchadgopālo bhava putraka.
6. tasya putraḥ tataḥ jātaḥ nāmnā khyātaḥ bhalandanaḥ
| saḥ mātrā prahitaḥ gacchat gopālaḥ bhava putrakā
6. From him, a son was then born, renowned by the name Bhalandana. His mother sent him, saying, "Go, my son, and become a cowherd!"
मात्रा तथा नियुक्तोऽथ प्रणिपत्य स्वमातरम् ।
राजर्षिमगमन्नीपं हिमवत्पर्वताश्रयम् ॥७॥
7. mātrā tathā niyukto'tha praṇipatya svamātaram .
rājarṣimagamannīpaṃ himavatparvatāśrayam.
7. mātrā tathā niyuktaḥ atha praṇipatya svamātaram
| rājarṣim agamat nīpam himavatparvata āśrayam
7. Then, thus appointed by his mother, and having bowed to her, he went to the royal sage (rājarṣi) Nīpa, who resided in the Himavat mountains.
तं समेत्य च जग्राह तस्य पादौ यथाविधि ।
प्रणिपत्याह चैवैनं राजर्षिं स भलन्दनः ॥८॥
8. taṃ sametya ca jagrāha tasya pādau yathāvidhi .
praṇipatyāha caivainaṃ rājarṣiṃ sa bhalandanaḥ.
8. tam sametya ca jagrāha tasya pādau yathāvidhi
praṇipatya āha ca eva enam rājarṣim sa bhalandanaḥ
8. Having approached him, that Bhallandana seized his feet according to custom. Having prostrated, he then spoke to that royal sage (rājārṣi).
आदिष्टो भगवन्मात्रा गोपालस्त्वं भवेति वै ।
मया च पालनीया क्ष्मा तस्याः स्वीकरणं कथम् ॥९॥
9. ādiṣṭo bhagavanmātrā gopālastvaṃ bhaveti vai .
mayā ca pālanīyā kṣmā tasyāḥ svīkaraṇaṃ katham.
9. ādiṣṭaḥ bhagavan mātrā gopālaḥ tvam bhava iti vai
mayā ca pālanīyā kṣmā tasyāḥ svīkaraṇam katham
9. “O venerable one, I was commanded by my mother, 'You shall indeed be a cowherd!' And the earth (kṣmā) is to be protected by me. How then can I accept (take possession of) it?
मया हि गौः पालनीया सा यदा स्वीकृता भवेत् ।
आक्रान्ता बलवद्भिः सा दायादैः पृथिवी मम ॥१०॥
10. mayā hi gauḥ pālanīyā sā yadā svīkṛtā bhavet .
ākrāntā balavadbhiḥ sā dāyādaiḥ pṛthivī mama.
10. mayā hi gauḥ pālanīyā sā yadā svīkṛtā bhavet
ākrāntā balavadbhiḥ sā dāyādaiḥ pṛthivī mama
10. For the earth (go) is indeed to be protected by me. But if that (earth) were to be taken possession of, my earth (pṛthivī) would be attacked by powerful heirs.
तां यथा प्राप्नुयां पृथ्वीं त्वत्प्रसादादहं विभो ।
तथादिश करिष्यामि तवाज्ञां प्रणतोऽस्मि ते ॥११॥
11. tāṃ yathā prāpnuyāṃ pṛthvīṃ tvatprasādādahaṃ vibho .
tathādiśa kariṣyāmi tavājñāṃ praṇato'smi te.
11. tām yathā prāpnuyām pṛthivīm tvatprasādāt aham vibho
tathā ādiśa kariṣyāmi tava ājñām praṇataḥ asmi te
11. O Lord (vibhu), instruct me how I, by your grace, may obtain that earth. I will carry out your command, for I bow down to you.
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
ततः स नीपो राजर्षिस्तस्मै निरवशेषतः ।
भलन्दाय ददौ ब्रह्मन्नस्त्रग्रामं महात्मने ॥१२॥
12. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
tataḥ sa nīpo rājarṣistasmai niravaśeṣataḥ .
bhalandāya dadau brahmannastragrāmaṃ mahātmane.
12. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca tataḥ saḥ nīpaḥ rājarṣiḥ tasmai
niravaśeṣataḥ bhalandāya dadau brahman astragramam mahātmane
12. Mārkaṇḍeya said: "Then, O Brahmin, that royal sage (rājarṣi) Nīpa completely bestowed the knowledge of weaponry upon that great-souled Bhalanda."
प्राप्तास्त्रविद्यः स ययौ पितृव्यतनयान्द्विज ।
वसुरातादिकान्पुत्रानादिष्टः स महात्मना ॥१३॥
13. prāptāstravidyaḥ sa yayau pitṛvyatanayāndvija .
vasurātādikānputrānādiṣṭaḥ sa mahātmanā.
13. prāptāstravidyaḥ saḥ yayau pitṛvyatanayān dvija
vasurātādikān putrān ādiṣṭaḥ saḥ mahātmanā
13. O twice-born (dvija), he, having acquired the knowledge of weaponry and being instructed by the great-souled one, went to his paternal uncle's sons, chief among whom was Vasurāta.
अयाचत स राज्यार्धं पितृपैतामहोचितम् ।
ते चोचुर्वैश्यपुत्रस्त्वं कथं भोक्ष्यसि मेदिनीम् ॥१४॥
14. ayācata sa rājyārdhaṃ pitṛpaitāmahocitam .
te cocurvaiśyaputrastvaṃ kathaṃ bhokṣyasi medinīm.
14. ayācata saḥ rājyārdham pitṛpaitāmahocitam te ca
ūcuḥ vaiśyaputraḥ tvam katham bhokṣyasi medinīm
14. He requested half of the kingdom, which was rightfully due to him from his father and grandfather. But they said, "You are the son of a Vaiśya (vaiśyaputra); how can you rule the earth?"
ततस्तैर्युद्धमभवद्भलन्दस्यात्मवंशजैः ।
वसुरातादिभिः क्रुद्धैः कृतास्त्रस्यास्त्रवर्षिभिः ॥१५॥
15. tatastairyuddhamabhavadbhalandasyātmavaṃśajaiḥ .
vasurātādibhiḥ kruddhaiḥ kṛtāstrasyāstravarṣibhiḥ.
15. tataḥ taiḥ yuddham abhavat bhalandasya ātmavaṁśajaiḥ
vasurātādibhiḥ kruddhaiḥ kṛtāstrasya astravarṣibhiḥ
15. Then, a battle occurred between Bhalanda, who had mastered weaponry, and his own angry kinsmen, led by Vasurāta, who were showering weapons.
स जित्वा तानशेषांस्तु शस्त्रविक्षतसैनिकान् ।
जहार पृथिवी तेषां धर्मयुद्धेन धर्मवित् ॥१६॥
16. sa jitvā tānaśeṣāṃstu śastravikṣatasainikān .
jahāra pṛthivī teṣāṃ dharmayuddhena dharmavit.
16. sa jitvā tān aśeṣān tu śastravikṣatasainikān
jahāra pṛthivī teṣām dharmayuddhena dharmavit
16. The knower of natural law (dharma), having conquered all those soldiers wounded by weapons, took their land through a just war (dharma-yuddha).
स निर्जितारिः सकलां पृथ्वीं राज्यं तथा पितुः ।
निवेदयामास ततस्तत्पिता जगृहे न च ।
प्रत्युवाच स तं पुत्रं भार्यायाः पुरतस्तदा ॥१७॥
17. sa nirjitāriḥ sakalāṃ pṛthvīṃ rājyaṃ tathā pituḥ .
nivedayāmāsa tatastatpitā jagṛhe na ca .
pratyuvāca sa taṃ putraṃ bhāryāyāḥ puratastadā.
17. sa nirjitāriḥ sakalām pṛthivīm rājyam
tathā pituḥ nivedayāmāsa tataḥ
tat pitā jagṛhe na ca prati uvāca
sa tam putram bhāryāyāḥ purataḥ tadā
17. Having conquered all his enemies, he then offered the entire earth and his father's kingdom to his father. But his father did not accept it. Instead, his father then spoke to that son in front of his wife.
नाभाग उवाच ।
भलन्द राज्यमेतत्ते क्रियतां पूर्वजैः कृतम् ॥१८॥
18. nābhāga uvāca .
bhalanda rājyametatte kriyatāṃ pūrvajaiḥ kṛtam.
18. nābhāga uvāca bhalanda rājyam
etat te kriyatām pūrvajaiḥ kṛtam
18. Nābhāga said: 'Bhalanda, let this kingdom, which belongs to you and was established by your ancestors, be administered (by you).'
अहं न कृतवान्राज्यं नासामर्थ्ययुतः पुरा ।
वैश्यतां तु पुरस्कृत्य तथैवाज्ञाकरः पितुः ॥१९॥
19. ahaṃ na kṛtavānrājyaṃ nāsāmarthyayutaḥ purā .
vaiśyatāṃ tu puraskṛtya tathaivājñākaraḥ pituḥ.
19. aham na kṛtavān rājyam na asāmarthyayutaḥ purā
vaiśyatām tu puraskṛtya tathā eva ājñākaraḥ pituḥ
19. I have not ruled the kingdom, nor was I incapable before. But, having adopted the status of a merchant (vaiśya), I was indeed obedient to my father.
कृत्वाऽप्रीतिं पितुरहं वैश्यकन्यापरिग्रहात् ।
न पुण्यलोकभाग्राजा यावदाभूतसम्प्लवम् ॥२०॥
20. kṛtvā'prītiṃ piturahaṃ vaiśyakanyāparigrahāt .
na puṇyalokabhāgrājā yāvadābhūtasamplavam.
20. kṛtvā aprītim pituḥ aham vaiśyakanyāparigrahāt
na puṇyalokabhāg rājā yāvat ābhūtasamplavam
20. By marrying a girl from the Vaiśya class, I caused displeasure to my father. Consequently, I, as king, will not attain the worlds of merit until the dissolution of all created beings.
उल्लंघ्याज्ञां पुनस्तस्य पालयामि महीं यदि ।
नास्ति मोक्षस्ततो नूनं मम कल्पशतैरपि ॥२१॥
21. ullaṃghyājñāṃ punastasya pālayāmi mahīṃ yadi .
nāsti mokṣastato nūnaṃ mama kalpaśatairapi.
21. ullaṅghya ājñām punaḥ tasya pālayāmi mahīm yadi
na asti mokṣaḥ tataḥ nūnam mama kalpaśataiḥ api
21. If I were to transgress his command again and rule the earth, then certainly there would be no liberation (mokṣa) for me, not even for hundreds of eons.
न चापि युक्तं त्वद्बाहुनिर्जितं मम मानिनः ।
राज्यं भोक्तुमनीहस्य दुर्बलस्येव कस्यचित् ॥२२॥
22. na cāpi yuktaṃ tvadbāhunirjitaṃ mama māninaḥ .
rājyaṃ bhoktumanīhasya durbalasyeva kasyacit.
22. na ca api yuktam tvadbāhunirjitam mama māninaḥ
rājyam bhoktum anīhasya durbalasya iva kasyacit
22. Moreover, it is not proper for me, a man of pride, to enjoy a kingdom conquered by your strength, just like some weak person who has no aspiration.
राज्यं कुरु स्वयं पुत्र दायादेभ्यो विमुञ्च वा ।
ममाज्ञापालनं शस्तं पितुर्न क्षितिपालनम् ॥२३॥
23. rājyaṃ kuru svayaṃ putra dāyādebhyo vimuñca vā .
mamājñāpālanaṃ śastaṃ piturna kṣitipālanam.
23. rājyam kuru svayam putra dāyādebhyaḥ vimuñca vā
mama ājñāpālanam śastam pituḥ na kṣitipālanam
23. Son, you yourself rule the kingdom, or release it to the other heirs. My adherence to my father's command is commendable, but not the protection of the earth for me.
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
ततः प्रहस्य तद्भार्या सुप्रभा नाम भामिनी ।
प्रत्युवाच पतिं भूप गृह्यतां राज्यमूर्जितम् ॥२४॥
24. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
tataḥ prahasya tadbhāryā suprabhā nāma bhāminī .
pratyuvāca patiṃ bhūpa gṛhyatāṃ rājyamūrjitam.
24. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca tataḥ prahasya tat bhāryā suprabhā nāma
bhāminī prati uvāca patim bhūpa gṛhyatām rājyam ūrjitam
24. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Then, his charming wife, named Suprabhā, laughed and replied to her husband, "O king, please take this mighty kingdom."
न त्वं वैश्यो न चैवाहं जाता वैश्यकुले नृप ।
क्षत्रियस्त्वं तथैवाहं क्षत्रियाणां कुलोद्भवा ॥२५॥
25. na tvaṃ vaiśyo na caivāhaṃ jātā vaiśyakule nṛpa .
kṣatriyastvaṃ tathaivāhaṃ kṣatriyāṇāṃ kulodbhavā.
25. na tvam vaiśyaḥ na ca eva aham jātā vaiśyakule nṛpa
kṣatriyaḥ tvam tathā eva aham kṣatriyāṇām kulodbhavā
25. "You are not a Vaiśya, nor was I born into a Vaiśya family, O king. You are a Kṣatriya, and similarly, I too am born from a Kṣatriya family."
पूर्वमासीन्महीपालः सुदेव इति विश्रुतः ।
तस्याभूच्च सखा राज्ञो धूम्राश्वस्य सुतो नलः ॥२६॥
26. pūrvamāsīnmahīpālaḥ sudeva iti viśrutaḥ .
tasyābhūcca sakhā rājño dhūmrāśvasya suto nalaḥ.
26. pūrvam āsīt mahīpālaḥ sudevaḥ iti viśrutaḥ tasya
abhūt ca sakhā rājñaḥ dhūmrāśvasya sutaḥ nalaḥ
26. Formerly, there was a king (mahīpālaḥ) named Sudeva, who was widely renowned. And his friend, King Dhūmrāśva's son, was Nala.
स तेन सख्या सहितो जगामाम्रवनं वनम् ।
पत्नीभिः स समं रन्तुं माधवे मासि पार्थिव ॥२७॥
27. sa tena sakhyā sahito jagāmāmravanaṃ vanam .
patnībhiḥ sa samaṃ rantuṃ mādhave māsi pārthiva.
27. saḥ tena sakhyā sahitaḥ jagāma āmrāvanam vanam
patnībhiḥ saḥ samam rantum mādhave māsi pārthiva
27. He, accompanied by that friend, went to the mango forest (āmrāvana) to enjoy with his wives in the month of Madhava, O king.
ततः पानान्यनेकानि भक्ष्याणि बुभुजे तदा ।
भार्याभिः सहितस्ताभिस्तेन सख्या समन्वितः ॥२८॥
28. tataḥ pānānyanekāni bhakṣyāṇi bubhuje tadā .
bhāryābhiḥ sahitastābhistena sakhyā samanvitaḥ.
28. tataḥ pānāni anekāni bhakṣyāṇi bubhuje tadā |
bhāryābhiḥ sahitaḥ tābhiḥ tena sakhyā samanvitaḥ
28. Then, accompanied by those wives and that friend, he enjoyed many drinks and eatables.
ततः पुष्करिणीतीरे ददर्शातिमनोरमाम् ।
पत्नीं च्यवनपुत्रस्य प्रमतेः पार्थिवात्मजाम् ॥२९॥
29. tataḥ puṣkariṇītīre dadarśātimanoramām .
patnīṃ cyavanaputrasya pramateḥ pārthivātmajām.
29. tataḥ puṣkariṇī-tīre dadarśa ati-manoramām |
patnīm cyavana-putrasya pramateḥ pārthiva-ātmajām
29. Then, on the bank of a lotus pond, he saw the exceedingly beautiful wife of Cyavana's son, Pramati, who was the daughter of a king.
सखा तस्य नलो मत्तो जगृहे तां च दुर्मतिः ।
पश्यतस्तस्य राज्ञश्च त्रातत्रातेति वादिनीम् ॥३०॥
30. sakhā tasya nalo matto jagṛhe tāṃ ca durmatiḥ .
paśyatastasya rājñaśca trātatrāteti vādinīm.
30. sakhā tasya nalaḥ mattaḥ jagṛhe tām ca durmatiḥ |
paśyataḥ tasya rājñaḥ ca trāta trāta iti vādinīm
30. His friend, Nala, maddened and evil-minded, seized her while that king was watching, even as she cried out, "Help! Help!"
आक्रन्दितं निशम्यैव स तस्याः प्रमतिः पतिः ।
आजगाम त्वरायुक्तः किमेतदिति वै वदन् ॥३१॥
31. ākranditaṃ niśamyaiva sa tasyāḥ pramatiḥ patiḥ .
ājagāma tvarāyuktaḥ kimetaditi vai vadan.
31. ākrānditam niśamya eva saḥ tasyāḥ pramatiḥ patiḥ
| ājagāma tvarā-yuktaḥ kim etat iti vai vadan
31. Just hearing her cry, her husband Pramati, filled with haste, arrived asking, "What is this?"
ततो ददर्श राजानं सुदेवं तत्र संस्थितम् ।
गृहीतां च तथा पत्नीं नलेन सुदुरात्मना ॥३२॥
32. tato dadarśa rājānaṃ sudevaṃ tatra saṃsthitam .
gṛhītāṃ ca tathā patnīṃ nalena sudurātmanā.
32. tataḥ dadarśa rājānam sudevam tatra saṃsthitam
gṛhītām ca tathā patnīm nalena sudurātmanā
32. Then he saw King Sudeva seated there, and also his wife, who had been captured by the extremely wicked Nala.
ततः सुदेवं प्रमतिः प्राहायं शास्यतामिति ।
त्वं च शास्ता भवद्राज्ये दुष्टश्चायं नलो नृप ॥३३॥
33. tataḥ sudevaṃ pramatiḥ prāhāyaṃ śāsyatāmiti .
tvaṃ ca śāstā bhavadrājye duṣṭaścāyaṃ nalo nṛpa.
33. tataḥ sudevam pramatiḥ prāha ayam śāsyatām iti tvam
ca śāstā bhavat rājye duṣṭaḥ ca ayam nalaḥ nṛpa
33. Then Pramati said to Sudeva, "This Nala should be punished! You shall be the ruler in your own kingdom, for this King Nala is wicked."
मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
तस्यार्तस्य वचः श्रुत्वा सुदेवो नलगौरवात् ।
प्राह वैश्योऽस्मि गच्छान्यं क्षत्रियं त्राणकारणात् ॥३४॥
34. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca .
tasyārtasya vacaḥ śrutvā sudevo nalagauravāt .
prāha vaiśyo'smi gacchānyaṃ kṣatriyaṃ trāṇakāraṇāt.
34. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca tasya ārtasya
vacaḥ śrutvā sudevaḥ nala-gauravāt
prāha vaiśyaḥ asmi gaccha
anyam kṣatriyam trāṇa-kāraṇāt
34. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Having heard his distressed words, Sudeva, out of respect for Nala, said, "I am a vaiśya; go to another kṣatriya for the purpose of protection."
ततः स प्रमतिः क्रुद्धस्तेजसा निर्दहन्निव ।
प्रत्युवाचाथ राजानं वैश्योऽस्मीत्यभिभाषिणम् ॥३५॥
35. tataḥ sa pramatiḥ kruddhastejasā nirdahanniva .
pratyuvācātha rājānaṃ vaiśyo'smītyabhibhāṣiṇam.
35. tataḥ saḥ pramatiḥ kruddhaḥ tejasā nirdahan iva
pratyuvāca atha rājānam vaiśyaḥ asmi iti abhibhāṣiṇam
35. Then Pramati, furious and as if burning with (his) fiery gaze, replied to the king who had declared, "I am a vaiśya."
प्रमतिरुवाच ।
एवमस्तु भवान्वैश्यः क्षत्रियः क्षतरक्षणात् ।
क्षत्रियैर्धार्यते शस्त्रं नार्त्तशब्दो भवेदिति ॥३६॥
36. pramatiruvāca .
evamastu bhavānvaiśyaḥ kṣatriyaḥ kṣatarakṣaṇāt .
kṣatriyairdhāryate śastraṃ nārttaśabdo bhavediti.
36. pramatiḥ uvāca | evam astu bhavān
vaiśyaḥ kṣatriyaḥ kṣata-rakṣaṇāt
| kṣatriyaiḥ dhāryate
śastram na ārtta-śabdaḥ bhavet iti
36. Pramati said: 'So be it. You are a vaiśya (merchant class), and a kṣatriya (warrior class) due to protecting the injured. Kṣatriyas bear arms so that no cry of distress may arise.'

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