मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-10, verse-89
अवशिष्टेन पापेन पुण्येन च समन्वितः ।
ततश्चारोहणीं जातिं शूद्र-वैश्य-नृपादिकाम् ॥८९॥
ततश्चारोहणीं जातिं शूद्र-वैश्य-नृपादिकाम् ॥८९॥
89. avaśiṣṭena pāpena puṇyena ca samanvitaḥ .
tataścārohaṇīṃ jātiṃ śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādikām.
tataścārohaṇīṃ jātiṃ śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādikām.
89.
avaśiṣṭena pāpena puṇyena ca samanvitaḥ tataḥ
ca ārohaṇīm jātim śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādikām
ca ārohaṇīm jātim śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādikām
89.
Endowed with both residual sin (karma) and merit (karma), one then attains an ascending birth (jāti) such as that of a śūdra, a vaiśya, a king, and so forth.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अवशिष्टेन (avaśiṣṭena) - by the residual (karma) (by the remaining, by the left-over)
- पापेन (pāpena) - by residual bad actions (karma) (by sin, by evil, by wickedness)
- पुण्येन (puṇyena) - by good actions (karma) (by merit, by virtue, by good deeds)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- समन्वितः (samanvitaḥ) - endowed with (both remaining sin and merit) (endowed with, accompanied by, possessed of)
- ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thence, from that, thereafter, then)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- आरोहणीम् (ārohaṇīm) - an ascending (birth) (ascending, climbing, causing to ascend)
- जातिम् (jātim) - a type of birth (jāti) (birth, species, class, lineage, caste)
- शूद्र-वैश्य-नृपादिकाम् (śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādikām) - (a birth) like that of a śūdra, vaiśya, king, and so forth (of the śūdra, vaiśya, king, etc.)
Words meanings and morphology
अवशिष्टेन (avaśiṣṭena) - by the residual (karma) (by the remaining, by the left-over)
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of avaśiṣṭa
avaśiṣṭa - remaining, left, residual
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root `śiṣ` (to remain) with the prefix `ava-` and the `kta` suffix.
Prefix: ava
Root: śiṣ (class 7)
Note: Agrees with `pāpena` and `puṇyena`.
पापेन (pāpena) - by residual bad actions (karma) (by sin, by evil, by wickedness)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of pāpa
pāpa - evil, wicked, sin, bad deed
पुण्येन (puṇyena) - by good actions (karma) (by merit, by virtue, by good deeds)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of puṇya
puṇya - virtuous, good, sacred, merit, good deed
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
समन्वितः (samanvitaḥ) - endowed with (both remaining sin and merit) (endowed with, accompanied by, possessed of)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of samanvita
samanvita - endowed with, accompanied by, possessed of, joined by
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root `i` (to go) with prefixes `sam-` and `anu-` and the `kta` suffix.
Prefixes: sam+anu
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Refers to the individual undergoing rebirth.
ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter (thence, from that, thereafter, then)
(indeclinable)
Formed from the pronominal stem `tad` with the `tasil` suffix.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
आरोहणीम् (ārohaṇīm) - an ascending (birth) (ascending, climbing, causing to ascend)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of ārohaṇī
ārohaṇī - ascending, causing to ascend, mounting
Adjective derived from verbal root
Formed from the root `ruh` (to ascend) with the prefix `ā-` and the `ana` suffix, followed by the feminine suffix `ī`.
Prefix: ā
Root: ruh (class 1)
Note: Agrees with `jātim`.
जातिम् (jātim) - a type of birth (jāti) (birth, species, class, lineage, caste)
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of jāti
jāti - birth, species, class, lineage, caste, origin
Derived from the root `jan` (to be born) with the `ktin` suffix.
Root: jan (class 4)
शूद्र-वैश्य-नृपादिकाम् (śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādikām) - (a birth) like that of a śūdra, vaiśya, king, and so forth (of the śūdra, vaiśya, king, etc.)
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādika
śūdra-vaiśya-nṛpādika - pertaining to śūdras, vaiśyas, kings, etc.
Compound ending with `ādika` (etc.), modifying `jāti`.
Compound type : tatpurusha (śūdra+vaiśya+nṛpa+ādi)
- śūdra – a member of the fourth social class
noun (masculine) - vaiśya – a member of the third social class, merchant, farmer
noun (masculine) - nṛpa – king, ruler
noun (masculine)
Derived from `nṛ` (man) and `√pā` (to protect).
Root: pā (class 2) - ādi – beginning, first, and so on, etc.
indeclinable
Note: Agrees with `jātim`.