मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-10, verse-35
पुत्र उवाच ।
शृणु तात यथा वृत्तं ममेदं सुख-दुःखदम् ।
यश्चाहमासमन्यस्मिन् जन्मन्यस्मत्परन्तु यत् ॥३५॥
शृणु तात यथा वृत्तं ममेदं सुख-दुःखदम् ।
यश्चाहमासमन्यस्मिन् जन्मन्यस्मत्परन्तु यत् ॥३५॥
35. putra uvāca .
śṛṇu tāta yathā vṛttaṃ mamedaṃ sukha-duḥkhadam .
yaścāhamāsamanyasmin janmanyasmatparantu yat.
śṛṇu tāta yathā vṛttaṃ mamedaṃ sukha-duḥkhadam .
yaścāhamāsamanyasmin janmanyasmatparantu yat.
35.
putraḥ uvāca śṛṇu tāta yathā vṛttam mama idam sukha-duḥkhadam
yaḥ ca aham āsam anyasmin janmani asmat parantu yat
yaḥ ca aham āsam anyasmin janmani asmat parantu yat
35.
The son said: "Listen, father, to this story of mine, which brings both joy and sorrow, and also to what I was in another birth (janman), beyond this present one."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son
- उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
- शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear
- तात (tāta) - father, dear one
- यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which way
- वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - the story, that which has happened (happened, occurred, story, event)
- मम (mama) - my, of me
- इदम् (idam) - this
- सुख-दुःखदम् (sukha-duḥkhadam) - causing joy and sorrow, giving happiness and pain
- यः (yaḥ) - and who (who, which)
- च (ca) - and
- अहम् (aham) - I
- आसम् (āsam) - I was, I existed
- अन्यस्मिन् (anyasmin) - in another, in a different
- जन्मनि (janmani) - in another birth (janman) (in birth, in a life, in existence)
- अस्मत् (asmat) - than this (present birth) (from us, from me, than us, than me)
- परन्तु (parantu) - beyond (this), furthermore (but, however, on the contrary)
- यत् (yat) - that which (I was) (that, which (relative pronoun))
Words meanings and morphology
पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of putra
putra - son, child
उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac
Perfect Active
root 'vac', perfect tense, 3rd person singular
Root: vac (class 2)
शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear
(verb)
2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru
Imperative Active
root 'śru', imperative mood, 2nd person singular
Root: śru (class 5)
तात (tāta) - father, dear one
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta
tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment)
यथा (yathā) - as, how, in which way
(indeclinable)
वृत्तम् (vṛttam) - the story, that which has happened (happened, occurred, story, event)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta
vṛtta - occurred, happened, done, story, event, conduct
Past Passive Participle
From root 'vṛt' (to be, to happen)
Root: vṛt (class 1)
Note: Object of 'śṛṇu'.
मम (mama) - my, of me
(pronoun)
Genitive, singular of asmad
asmad - I (pronoun)
इदम् (idam) - this
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, that
Note: Qualifies 'vṛttam'.
सुख-दुःखदम् (sukha-duḥkhadam) - causing joy and sorrow, giving happiness and pain
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of sukha-duḥkhada
sukha-duḥkhada - giving happiness and sorrow, causing pleasure and pain
Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (sukha+duḥkha+da)
- sukha – happiness, pleasure, comfort
noun (neuter) - duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
noun (neuter) - da – giving, bestowing, causing
adjective (masculine)
Agent Noun suffix (kṛt)
From root 'dā' (to give)
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies 'vṛttam'.
यः (yaḥ) - and who (who, which)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - who, which, what
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I (pronoun)
आसम् (āsam) - I was, I existed
(verb)
1st person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as
Imperfect Active
root 'as', imperfect tense, 1st person singular
Root: as (class 2)
अन्यस्मिन् (anyasmin) - in another, in a different
(pronoun)
Locative, masculine, singular of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Also could be neuter locative singular.
जन्मनि (janmani) - in another birth (janman) (in birth, in a life, in existence)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of janman
janman - birth, existence, life, origin
Root: jan (class 4)
अस्मत् (asmat) - than this (present birth) (from us, from me, than us, than me)
(pronoun)
Ablative, singular of asmad
asmad - I (pronoun)
Note: Often used with 'parantu' to mean 'but different from this' or 'beyond this'. Here it functions as an ablative of comparison to 'idam' (this present life/body).
परन्तु (parantu) - beyond (this), furthermore (but, however, on the contrary)
(indeclinable)
Note: In this context, it connects the idea of a past birth, often used for contrast or addition.
यत् (yat) - that which (I was) (that, which (relative pronoun))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that
Note: Refers to the prior state or being of 'aham'.