मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-10, verse-52
येनानृतानि नोक्तानि प्रीतिभेदः कृतो न च ।
आस्तिकः श्रद्दधानश्च स सुखं मृत्युमृच्छति ॥५२॥
आस्तिकः श्रद्दधानश्च स सुखं मृत्युमृच्छति ॥५२॥
52. yenānṛtāni noktāni prītibhedaḥ kṛto na ca .
āstikaḥ śraddadhānaśca sa sukhaṃ mṛtyumṛcchati.
āstikaḥ śraddadhānaśca sa sukhaṃ mṛtyumṛcchati.
52.
yena anṛtāni na uktāni prītibhedaḥ kṛtaḥ na ca
āstikaḥ śraddadhānaḥ ca sa sukhaṃ mṛtyum ṛcchati
āstikaḥ śraddadhānaḥ ca sa sukhaṃ mṛtyum ṛcchati
52.
Whoever has not spoken falsehoods and has not caused a breach of affection (preeti), and who is a believer full of faith (śraddhā), that person attains a peaceful death.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- येन (yena) - by whom (referring to a person) (by whom, by which)
- अनृतानि (anṛtāni) - untrue statements (falsehoods, untruths)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- उक्तानि (uktāni) - uttered, spoken (spoken, said)
- प्रीतिभेदः (prītibhedaḥ) - causing a rupture in friendship or affection (preeti) (breach of affection, dissension)
- कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - caused, committed (done, made, performed)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- आस्तिकः (āstikaḥ) - a person who holds spiritual belief (a believer, one who believes in God/Vedas/afterlife)
- श्रद्दधानः (śraddadhānaḥ) - possessing faith (śraddhā), devout (believing, faithful, having faith)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- स (sa) - that person (who fulfills the conditions) (he, that)
- सुखं (sukhaṁ) - in a pleasant or easy manner, peacefully (happily, easily, pleasantly, happiness)
- मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - the state of death (death)
- ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, experiences, meets (obtains, reaches, goes to, meets)
Words meanings and morphology
येन (yena) - by whom (referring to a person) (by whom, by which)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, who.
अनृतानि (anṛtāni) - untrue statements (falsehoods, untruths)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of anṛta
anṛta - untrue, false, falsehood, lie.
Negative prefix `an` + `ṛta` (truth).
Note: Here, accusative plural as the object of `uktāni`.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
उक्तानि (uktāni) - uttered, spoken (spoken, said)
(adjective)
neuter, plural of ukta
ukta - spoken, said, stated.
Past Passive Participle
From root `vac` (to speak) + past passive participle suffix `kta`. `vac` changes to `uk` in this form.
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Used passively, 'falsehoods were not spoken'.
प्रीतिभेदः (prītibhedaḥ) - causing a rupture in friendship or affection (preeti) (breach of affection, dissension)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of prītibheda
prītibheda - breaking of love/affection, dissension, discord.
Compound.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prīti+bheda)
- prīti – love, affection, friendship, joy
noun (feminine)
From root `prī` (to please, love) + suffix `kti`.
Root: prī (class 9) - bheda – breaking, splitting, division, breach
noun (masculine)
From root `bhid` (to break, split) + suffix `a`.
Root: bhid (class 7)
Note: Subject of `kṛtaḥ`.
कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - caused, committed (done, made, performed)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed, created.
Past Passive Participle
From root `kṛ` (to do, make) + past passive participle suffix `kta`.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used passively, 'a breach of affection was not made'.
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
आस्तिकः (āstikaḥ) - a person who holds spiritual belief (a believer, one who believes in God/Vedas/afterlife)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āstika
āstika - a believer (in the existence of God, soul, afterlife, Vedas, etc.), pious.
From `asti` (is) + suffix `ṭhak`.
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Predicative adjective for `sa`.
श्रद्दधानः (śraddadhānaḥ) - possessing faith (śraddhā), devout (believing, faithful, having faith)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śraddadhāna
śraddadhāna - believing, having faith (śraddhā), devotional.
Present Middle Participle
From `śrat` (a particle for faith) + root `dhā` (to place, hold) + present middle participle suffix `śānac`.
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: An adjective describing the person (`sa`).
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
स (sa) - that person (who fulfills the conditions) (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it.
Note: This is `saḥ` (nominative singular masculine of `tad`), with `ḥ` dropped before a soft consonant or pause.
सुखं (sukhaṁ) - in a pleasant or easy manner, peacefully (happily, easily, pleasantly, happiness)
(indeclinable)
Note: Acts adverbially, modifying `ṛcchati`.
मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - the state of death (death)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu
mṛtyu - death, demise, Yama (god of death).
From root `mṛ` (to die) + suffix `tyu`.
Root: mṛ (class 6)
ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, experiences, meets (obtains, reaches, goes to, meets)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛch
Root `ṛch` from `ṛ` (to go).
Root: ṛch (class 6)
Note: Means 'attains' or 'meets'.