मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-10, verse-54
यो न कामान्न संरम्भान्न द्वेषाद्धर्ममुत्सृजेत् ।
यथोक्तकारी सोम्यश्च स सुखं मृत्युमृच्छति ॥५४॥
यथोक्तकारी सोम्यश्च स सुखं मृत्युमृच्छति ॥५४॥
54. yo na kāmānna saṃrambhānna dveṣāddharmamutsṛjet .
yathoktakārī somyaśca sa sukhaṃ mṛtyumṛcchati.
yathoktakārī somyaśca sa sukhaṃ mṛtyumṛcchati.
54.
yaḥ na kāmāt na saṃrambhāt na dveṣāt dharmam utsṛjet
yathoktakārī saumyaḥ ca saḥ sukham mṛtyum ṛcchati
yathoktakārī saumyaḥ ca saḥ sukham mṛtyum ṛcchati
54.
Whoever does not abandon his natural law (dharma) due to desires, agitation, or hatred, and who acts as prescribed and is gentle, he attains a peaceful death (mṛtyu).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- यः (yaḥ) - whoever (among men) (who, whoever)
- न (na) - not, nor
- कामात् (kāmāt) - due to desires (from desire, out of desire)
- न (na) - not, nor
- संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - due to agitation (from agitation, from fury, from haste)
- न (na) - not, nor
- द्वेषात् (dveṣāt) - due to hatred (from hatred, out of hatred)
- धर्मम् (dharmam) - one's own natural law (dharma) or righteous conduct (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)
- उत्सृजेत् (utsṛjet) - should forsake or give up (should abandon, should forsake)
- यथोक्तकारी (yathoktakārī) - one who acts according to what is enjoined (acting as prescribed, doing what has been said)
- सौम्यः (saumyaḥ) - gentle in disposition (gentle, mild, benevolent)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that)
- सुखम् (sukham) - peacefully, easily (pleasantly, easily)
- मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (death, demise)
- ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains (a peaceful death) (attains, reaches, obtains)
Words meanings and morphology
यः (yaḥ) - whoever (among men) (who, whoever)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yad
yad - which, what, that, who
Note: Relative pronoun.
न (na) - not, nor
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle for 'kāmāt'.
कामात् (kāmāt) - due to desires (from desire, out of desire)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of kāma
kāma - desire, wish, love, pleasure
From root kam (to desire)
Root: kam (class 1)
Note: Indicates cause or origin.
न (na) - not, nor
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle for 'saṃrambhāt'.
संरम्भात् (saṁrambhāt) - due to agitation (from agitation, from fury, from haste)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃrambha
saṁrambha - agitation, fury, rage, haste, enthusiasm
'saṃ' (prefix) + root 'rambh'
Prefix: sam
Root: rambh (class 1)
Note: Indicates cause or origin.
न (na) - not, nor
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation particle for 'dveṣāt'.
द्वेषात् (dveṣāt) - due to hatred (from hatred, out of hatred)
(noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of dveṣa
dveṣa - hatred, aversion, enmity
From root dviṣ (to hate)
Root: dviṣ (class 2)
Note: Indicates cause or origin.
धर्मम् (dharmam) - one's own natural law (dharma) or righteous conduct (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma
dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue, religion
From root dhṛ (to uphold, support)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
Note: Object of 'utsṛjet'.
उत्सृजेत् (utsṛjet) - should forsake or give up (should abandon, should forsake)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of utsṛj
Optative mood, Active voice
From 'ut' (prefix) + root 'sṛj' (to create, emit)
Prefix: ut
Root: sṛj (class 6)
Note: Verb of the 'yaḥ' clause.
यथोक्तकारी (yathoktakārī) - one who acts according to what is enjoined (acting as prescribed, doing what has been said)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of yathoktakārin
yathoktakārin - acting as prescribed, doing what has been said, obedient
'yathā' (as) + 'ukta' (said) + 'kārin' (doer)
Compound type : complex adjective (yathā+ukta+kārin)
- yathā – as, according to, just as
indeclinable - ukta – said, spoken, declared
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root vac (to speak)
Root: vac (class 2) - kārin – doer, agent, causing, performing
adjective (masculine)
Agent noun suffix
Suffix 'ṇini' (kārin) from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.
सौम्यः (saumyaḥ) - gentle in disposition (gentle, mild, benevolent)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saumya
saumya - gentle, mild, agreeable, benevolent, auspicious, relating to the moon (soma)
From 'soma'
Note: Agrees with 'saḥ'.
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
Note: Conjunction.
सः (saḥ) - that person (he, that)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, those, he, she, it, they
Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yaḥ'.
सुखम् (sukham) - peacefully, easily (pleasantly, easily)
(indeclinable)
Note: Adverbial accusative, modifying 'ṛcchati'.
मृत्युम् (mṛtyum) - death (death, demise)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtyu
mṛtyu - death, demise, end
From root mṛ (to die)
Root: mṛ (class 6)
Note: Object of 'ṛcchati'.
ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains (a peaceful death) (attains, reaches, obtains)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch
Present tense, Active voice
From root ṛ (to go, move), often conjugated as ṛcch
Root: ṛ (class 6)
Note: Verb for 'saḥ'.