मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-10, verse-78
दंष्ट्राकरालवदनं भ्रकुटीदारुणाकृतिम् ।
विरूपैर्भोषणैर्वक्त्रैर्वृतं व्याधिशतैः प्रभुम् ॥७८॥
विरूपैर्भोषणैर्वक्त्रैर्वृतं व्याधिशतैः प्रभुम् ॥७८॥
78. daṃṣṭrākarālavadanaṃ bhrakuṭīdāruṇākṛtim .
virūpairbhoṣaṇairvaktrairvṛtaṃ vyādhiśataiḥ prabhum.
virūpairbhoṣaṇairvaktrairvṛtaṃ vyādhiśataiḥ prabhum.
78.
daṃṣṭrākarālavadanam bhrakuṭīdāruṇākṛtim virūpaiḥ
bhoṣaṇaiḥ vaktraiḥ vṛtam vyādhiśataiḥ prabhum
bhoṣaṇaiḥ vaktraiḥ vṛtam vyādhiśataiḥ prabhum
78.
He [Yama] is the lord, whose face is dreadful with fangs and whose form is terrifying due to a frown. He is surrounded by hundreds of diseases (vyādhi) with hideous and terrifying mouths.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दंष्ट्राकरालवदनम् (daṁṣṭrākarālavadanam) - whose face is dreadful with fangs
- भ्रकुटीदारुणाकृतिम् (bhrakuṭīdāruṇākṛtim) - whose form is terrible with a frown
- विरूपैः (virūpaiḥ) - hideous, deformed, ugly
- भोषणैः (bhoṣaṇaiḥ) - terrifying, frightening
- वक्त्रैः (vaktraiḥ) - by mouths, with mouths
- वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded, accompanied, covered
- व्याधिशतैः (vyādhiśataiḥ) - by hundreds of diseases
- प्रभुम् (prabhum) - Yama (Yama) (the lord, master)
Words meanings and morphology
दंष्ट्राकरालवदनम् (daṁṣṭrākarālavadanam) - whose face is dreadful with fangs
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of daṃṣṭrākarālavadana
daṁṣṭrākarālavadana - having a dreadful face due to fangs
Bahuvrīhi compound. 'daṃṣṭrā' (fang), 'karāla' (dreadful), 'vadana' (face).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (daṃṣṭrā+karāla+vadana)
- daṃṣṭrā – fang, tusk, large tooth
noun (feminine)
Root: daṃś (class 1) - karāla – dreadful, formidable, gaping
adjective (masculine) - vadana – face, mouth, speech
noun (neuter)
From root 'vad' (to speak).
Root: vad (class 1)
Note: Describes Yama.
भ्रकुटीदारुणाकृतिम् (bhrakuṭīdāruṇākṛtim) - whose form is terrible with a frown
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bhrakuṭīdāruṇākṛti
bhrakuṭīdāruṇākṛti - having a form made terrible by a frown
Bahuvrīhi compound. 'bhrakuṭī' (frown), 'dāruṇa' (terrible), 'ākṛti' (form).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (bhrakuṭī+dāruṇa+ākṛti)
- bhrakuṭī – frown, knitting of the brows
noun (feminine) - dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, cruel
adjective (masculine) - ākṛti – form, shape, appearance
noun (feminine)
From prefix 'ā' + root 'kṛ' (to make).
Prefix: ā
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Describes Yama.
विरूपैः (virūpaiḥ) - hideous, deformed, ugly
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of virūpa
virūpa - deformed, ugly, hideous
From prefix 'vi' + 'rūpa' (form).
Note: Describes 'vaktrāiḥ'.
भोषणैः (bhoṣaṇaiḥ) - terrifying, frightening
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhoṣaṇa
bhoṣaṇa - terrifying, dreadful
From root 'bhīṣ' (to frighten) with suffix 'ana'.
Root: bhīṣ (class 10)
Note: Describes 'vaktrāiḥ'.
वक्त्रैः (vaktraiḥ) - by mouths, with mouths
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of vaktra
vaktra - mouth, face
From root 'vac' (to speak).
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: These mouths belong to the diseases.
वृतम् (vṛtam) - surrounded, accompanied, covered
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛta
vṛta - surrounded, covered, chosen
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root 'vṛ' (to cover, to surround).
Root: vṛ (class 5)
Note: Describes Yama ('prabhum').
व्याधिशतैः (vyādhiśataiḥ) - by hundreds of diseases
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, plural of vyādhiśata
vyādhiśata - a hundred diseases
Tatpurusha compound. 'vyādhi' (disease) + 'śata' (hundred).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vyādhi+śata)
- vyādhi – disease, sickness
noun (masculine)
From prefixes 'vi' and 'ā' + root 'dhā' (to place apart, to afflict).
Prefixes: vi+ā
Root: dhā (class 3) - śata – hundred
noun (neuter)
Note: Agent of 'vṛtam'.
प्रभुम् (prabhum) - Yama (Yama) (the lord, master)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of prabhu
prabhu - lord, master, mighty
From prefix 'pra' + root 'bhū' (to be, to become).
Prefix: pra
Root: bhū (class 1)
Note: Object of 'paśyati' (implied from previous verse), and described by the preceding adjectives.