मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-10, verse-49
उदानो नाम पवनस्ततश्चोर्ध्वं प्रवर्तते ।
भुक्तानामम्बुभक्ष्याणामधोगतिनिरोधकृत् ॥४९॥
भुक्तानामम्बुभक्ष्याणामधोगतिनिरोधकृत् ॥४९॥
49. udāno nāma pavanastataścordhvaṃ pravartate .
bhuktānāmambubhakṣyāṇāmadhogatinirodhakṛt.
bhuktānāmambubhakṣyāṇāmadhogatinirodhakṛt.
49.
udānaḥ nāma pavanaḥ tataḥ ca ūrdhvaṃ pravartate
bhuktānām ambubhukṣyāṇām adhogaṭinirodhakṛt
bhuktānām ambubhukṣyāṇām adhogaṭinirodhakṛt
49.
The vital air (prāṇa) named Udana moves upwards from the lower regions, and it prevents the downward passage of consumed food and drink.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- उदानः (udānaḥ) - The vital air responsible for upward movement in the body, one of the five prāṇas. (Udana (a vital air))
- नाम (nāma) - specifically called, named (name, by name, indeed, specifically)
- पवनः (pavanaḥ) - the vital air, referring to prāṇa. (wind, air, purifier, a vital air (prāṇa))
- ततः (tataḥ) - from that place (referring to the lower regions, implied from context of 'upwards') (from there, thence, then, therefore)
- च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
- ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvaṁ) - in an upward direction (upwards, above, erect)
- प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it moves, it functions (moves forward, proceeds, begins, happens)
- भुक्तानाम् (bhuktānām) - of things that have been eaten (of those who have eaten, of things eaten)
- अम्बुभुक्ष्याणाम् (ambubhukṣyāṇām) - of liquids and solid foods (of waters and foods)
- अधोगटिनिरोधकृत् (adhogaṭinirodhakṛt) - that which obstructs the downward movement (of food and drink) (causing obstruction of downward movement)
Words meanings and morphology
उदानः (udānaḥ) - The vital air responsible for upward movement in the body, one of the five prāṇas. (Udana (a vital air))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of udāna
udāna - the vital air responsible for upward movement, one of the five prāṇas.
From `ud` (upwards) + `an` (to breathe) + suffix `a`.
Prefix: ud
Root: an (class 2)
नाम (nāma) - specifically called, named (name, by name, indeed, specifically)
(indeclinable)
Note: Used here as an indeclinable particle.
पवनः (pavanaḥ) - the vital air, referring to prāṇa. (wind, air, purifier, a vital air (prāṇa))
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of pavana
pavana - wind, air, purificatory, one of the five vital airs (prāṇa).
From root `pū` (to purify, blow) + suffix `ana`.
Root: pū (class 1)
ततः (tataḥ) - from that place (referring to the lower regions, implied from context of 'upwards') (from there, thence, then, therefore)
(indeclinable)
Derived from `tad` (that) + suffix `tas`.
च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)
(indeclinable)
ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvaṁ) - in an upward direction (upwards, above, erect)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of ūrdhva
ūrdhva - upward, elevated, high, erect.
Note: Functions adverbially.
प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - it moves, it functions (moves forward, proceeds, begins, happens)
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt
Root `vṛt` with prefix `pra`. Atmanepada form.
Prefix: pra
Root: vṛt (class 1)
भुक्तानाम् (bhuktānām) - of things that have been eaten (of those who have eaten, of things eaten)
(adjective)
Genitive, neuter, plural of bhukta
bhukta - eaten, enjoyed, consumed.
Past Passive Participle
From root `bhuj` (to eat, enjoy) + past passive participle suffix `kta`.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
अम्बुभुक्ष्याणाम् (ambubhukṣyāṇām) - of liquids and solid foods (of waters and foods)
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of ambubhukṣya
ambubhukṣya - water and food, liquids and edibles.
Dvandva compound.
Compound type : dvandva (ambu+bhukṣya)
- ambu – water, liquid
noun (neuter) - bhukṣya – edible, food
noun (neuter)
Gerundive
From root `bhuj` (to eat) + gerundive suffix `ya`.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: This is a Dvandva compound.
अधोगटिनिरोधकृत् (adhogaṭinirodhakṛt) - that which obstructs the downward movement (of food and drink) (causing obstruction of downward movement)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adhogaṭinirodhakṛt
adhogaṭinirodhakṛt - obstructing downward movement.
Compound of `adhogati` and `nirodhakṛt`.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (adhogati+nirodhakṛt)
- adhogati – downward movement
noun (feminine)
Compound: `adhas` (downwards) + `gati` (movement). - nirodhakṛt – obstructor, causing obstruction
noun (masculine)
Compound: `nirodha` (obstruction) + `kṛt` (maker).
Note: Compound adjective used as a noun, referring to Udana.