मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-10, verse-87
गत्वा गजद्रुमाद्येषु गोष्वश्वेषु तथैव च ।
अन्यासु चैव पापासु दुः खदासु च योनिषु ॥८७॥
अन्यासु चैव पापासु दुः खदासु च योनिषु ॥८७॥
87. gatvā gajadrumādyeṣu goṣvaśveṣu tathaiva ca .
anyāsu caiva pāpāsu duḥ khadāsu ca yoniṣu.
anyāsu caiva pāpāsu duḥ khadāsu ca yoniṣu.
87.
gatvā gajadrumādyeṣu goṣu aśveṣu tathā eva
ca anyāsu ca eva pāpāsu duḥkhadāsu ca yoniṣu
ca anyāsu ca eva pāpāsu duḥkhadāsu ca yoniṣu
87.
Having gone (to be reborn) among elephants, trees, and similar beings, and likewise among cows and horses, and also among other sinful and painful species (of existence).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- गत्वा (gatvā) - having been reborn (into these species) (having gone, having reached)
- गजद्रुमाद्येषु (gajadrumādyeṣu) - among elephants, trees, and others
- गोषु (goṣu) - among cows, among cattle
- अश्वेषु (aśveṣu) - among horses
- तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (thus, so, in the same way)
- एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
- च (ca) - and, also
- अन्यासु (anyāsu) - among other
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
- पापासु (pāpāsu) - sinful, wicked
- दुःखदासु (duḥkhadāsu) - pain-giving, causing sorrow
- च (ca) - and, also
- योनिषु (yoniṣu) - in species (of existence/rebirth) (in species, in births, in wombs, in origins)
Words meanings and morphology
गत्वा (gatvā) - having been reborn (into these species) (having gone, having reached)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive
Formed from √gam + ktvā suffix.
Root: √gam (class 1)
गजद्रुमाद्येषु (gajadrumādyeṣu) - among elephants, trees, and others
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of gajadrumādi
gajadrumādi - elephants, trees, and so on
'dvandva' compound listing specific animals/plants, followed by 'ādi' (etc.).
Compound type : dvandva (gaja+druma+ādi)
- gaja – elephant
noun (masculine) - druma – tree
noun (masculine) - ādi – beginning, first, and so on, et cetera
noun (masculine)
गोषु (goṣu) - among cows, among cattle
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of go
go - cow, ox, cattle, earth, ray of light
अश्वेषु (aśveṣu) - among horses
(noun)
Locative, masculine, plural of aśva
aśva - horse
तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise (thus, so, in the same way)
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
(indeclinable)
Note: Used for emphasis or specification.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अन्यासु (anyāsu) - among other
(pronoun)
Locative, feminine, plural of anya
anya - other, another, different
Note: Agrees with 'yoniṣu'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly
(indeclinable)
पापासु (pāpāsu) - sinful, wicked
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, plural of pāpa
pāpa - sin, evil, wicked, sinful
Note: Agrees with 'yoniṣu'.
दुःखदासु (duḥkhadāsu) - pain-giving, causing sorrow
(adjective)
Locative, feminine, plural of duḥkhadā
duḥkhadā - causing pain, sorrowful, mischievous
tatpuruṣa compound: 'duḥkha' + 'dā' (giver).
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+dā)
- duḥkha – pain, sorrow, suffering
noun (neuter) - dā – giver, giving
adjective (feminine)
Derived from root √dā (to give).
Root: √dā (class 3)
Note: Agrees with 'yoniṣu'.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
योनिषु (yoniṣu) - in species (of existence/rebirth) (in species, in births, in wombs, in origins)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, plural of yoni
yoni - womb, origin, source, race, species, birth, form of existence