महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-86

युयुत्सुरुवाच ।
निहते शकुनौ तात सज्ञातिसुतबान्धवे ।
हतशेषपरीवारो राजा दुर्योधनस्ततः ।
स्वकं स हयमुत्सृज्य प्राङ्मुखः प्राद्रवद्भयात् ॥८६॥

86. yuyutsuruvāca ,
nihate śakunau tāta sajñātisutabāndhave ,
hataśeṣaparīvāro rājā duryodhanastataḥ ,
svakaṁ sa hayamutsṛjya prāṅmukhaḥ prādravadbhayāt.

86. yuyutsuḥ uvāca | nihate śakunau tāta
sajñātisutabāndhave | hataśeṣaparīvāraḥ
rājā duryodhanaḥ tataḥ | svakam saḥ
hayam utsṛjya prāṅmukhaḥ prādravat bhayāt

86. yuyutsuḥ uvāca tāta,
śakunau sajñātisutabāndhave nihate (sati),
hataśeṣaparīvāraḥ rājā duryodhanaḥ tataḥ svakam hayam utsṛjya prāṅmukhaḥ bhayāt prādravat

86. Yuyutsu said: 'O dear one, when Śakuni was killed along with his kinsmen, sons, and relatives, King Duryodhana, with the rest of his retinue having been killed, then abandoned his own horse and fled, facing east, out of fear.'

Words meanings summery:

• युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• निहते (nihate) - when killed, in the slain

• शकुनौ (śakunau) - in Śakuni, regarding Śakuni

• तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father

• सज्ञातिसुतबान्धवे (sajñātisutabāndhave) - along with kinsmen, sons, and relatives

• हतशेषपरीवारः (hataśeṣaparīvāraḥ) - whose remaining retinue was killed

• राजा (rājā) - king

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

• स्वकम् (svakam) - his own

• सः (saḥ) - he

• हयम् (hayam) - horse

• उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having relinquished

• प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east

• प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - fled, ran away

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

Words meanings and morphology

युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuyutsu

yuyutsu - wishing to fight, desirous of fighting; Yuyutsu (name of a son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Desiderative participle

From desiderative stem of root yudh 'to fight'.

Root: yudh (class 4)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

निहते (nihate) - when killed, in the slain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nihata

nihata - killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

शकुनौ (śakunau) - in Śakuni, regarding Śakuni

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - a bird; Śakuni (a proper name, particularly the maternal uncle of Duryodhana)

तात (tāta) - O dear one, O father

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment, often used by younger to elder or by an elder to a younger person)

सज्ञातिसुतबान्धवे (sajñātisutabāndhave) - along with kinsmen, sons, and relatives

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of sajñātisutabāndhava

sajñātisutabāndhava - with kinsmen, sons, and relatives

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+jñāti+suta+bāndhava)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• jñāti – kinsman, relative, family
  noun (masculine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root sū (to bear, produce).
  Root: sū (class 2)
• bāndhava – relative, kinsman, friend
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from bandhu 'relative'.

हतशेषपरीवारः (hataśeṣaparīvāraḥ) - whose remaining retinue was killed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hataśeṣaparīvāra

hataśeṣaparīvāra - whose remaining retinue was killed; having a remaining retinue that was killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+śeṣa+parīvāra)

• hata – killed, slain
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root han 'to strike, kill'.
  Root: han (class 2)
• śeṣa – remainder, rest, remnant
  noun (masculine)
  From root śiṣ 'to leave'.
  Root: śiṣ (class 7)
• parīvāra – retinue, entourage, attendants
  noun (masculine)
  From pari-vṛ 'to surround'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: vṛ (class 9)

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - difficult to fight; Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra and antagonist in the Mahābhārata)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, evil
  prefix
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh 'to fight'.
  Root: yudh (class 4)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from there

(indeclinable)

स्वकम् (svakam) - his own

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svaka

svaka - one's own, proper, peculiar; one's own people

Note: Can also be neuter singular nominative/accusative.

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हयम् (hayam) - horse

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of haya

haya - horse

From root hi 'to go, move, throw'.

Root: hi (class 5)

उत्सृज्य (utsṛjya) - having abandoned, having relinquished

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root sṛj with prefix ut-.

Prefix: ut

Root: sṛj (class 6)

प्राङ्मुखः (prāṅmukhaḥ) - facing east

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāṅmukha

prāṅmukha - facing the east, east-facing

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prāṅc+mukha)

• prāṅc – eastern, facing east
  adjective (masculine)
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - fled, ran away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of pra-dru

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension

From root bhī 'to fear'.

Root: bhī (class 3)