महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-28

एवं विचिन्तयानस्तु प्रविविक्षुर्ह्रदं नृपः ।
दुःखसंतप्तहृदयो दृष्ट्वा राजन्बलक्षयम् ॥२८॥

28. evaṁ vicintayānastu pravivikṣurhradaṁ nṛpaḥ ,
duḥkhasaṁtaptahṛdayo dṛṣṭvā rājanbalakṣayam.

28. evam vicintayānaḥ tu pravivikṣuḥ hradam nṛpaḥ
duḥkhasaṃtaptahṛdayaḥ dṛṣṭvā rājan balakṣayam

28. rājan,
evam vicintayānaḥ tu pravivikṣuḥ hradam nṛpaḥ balakṣayam dṛṣṭvā duḥkhasaṃtaptahṛdayaḥ

28. O King (rājan), as the monarch (nṛpa) thus pondered, desiring to enter the lake, his heart burning with sorrow upon seeing the destruction of his forces (balakṣaya).

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• विचिन्तयानः (vicintayānaḥ) - pondering, reflecting, contemplating

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• प्रविविक्षुः (pravivikṣuḥ) - desiring to enter, wishing to penetrate

• ह्रदम् (hradam) - to the lake, to the pond, to the deep pool

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, monarch

• दुःखसंतप्तहृदयः (duḥkhasaṁtaptahṛdayaḥ) - whose heart was burning with sorrow, sorrow-stricken heart

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• बलक्षयम् (balakṣayam) - destruction of the army, loss of strength

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

विचिन्तयानः (vicintayānaḥ) - pondering, reflecting, contemplating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vicintayāna

vicintayāna - pondering, reflecting

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

From causative stem of root √cit (to perceive, think) with prefix vi-, suffix -āna

Prefix: vi

Root: √cit (class 10)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

प्रविविक्षुः (pravivikṣuḥ) - desiring to enter, wishing to penetrate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pravivikṣu

pravivikṣu - desirous of entering, wishing to penetrate

Desiderative Participle

from root √viś (to enter) with prefix pra-, desiderative stem vivikṣa-

Prefix: pra

Root: √viś (class 6)

ह्रदम् (hradam) - to the lake, to the pond, to the deep pool

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hrada

hrada - lake, pond, deep pool

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king, monarch

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, monarch, ruler

From nṛ (man) + √pā (to protect)

Compound type : aluk-samāsa (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, preserver, drinking
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root √pā (to protect, drink)
  Root: √pā (class 2)

दुःखसंतप्तहृदयः (duḥkhasaṁtaptahṛdayaḥ) - whose heart was burning with sorrow, sorrow-stricken heart

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhasaṃtaptahṛdaya

duḥkhasaṁtaptahṛdaya - whose heart is tormented by sorrow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (duḥkha+saṃtapta+hṛdaya)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering, misery
  noun (neuter)
• saṃtapta – burnt, tormented, afflicted, heated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √tap (to heat, suffer) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: √tap (class 1)
• hṛdaya – heart, mind, core
  noun (neuter)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, perceiving

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root √dṛś (to see)

Root: √dṛś (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, monarch

Note: Used as an address to Dhṛtarāṣṭra by Sañjaya.

बलक्षयम् (balakṣayam) - destruction of the army, loss of strength

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of balakṣaya

balakṣaya - destruction of the army, loss of strength, decline of power

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (bala+kṣaya)

• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, loss, waste
  noun (masculine)
  From root √kṣi (to destroy, waste)
  Root: √kṣi (class 1)