महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-80

एतमर्थं महाबाहुरुभयोः स न्यवेदयत् ।
तस्य प्रीतोऽभवद्राजा नित्यं करुणवेदिता ।
परिष्वज्य महाबाहुर्वैश्यापुत्रं व्यसर्जयत् ॥८०॥

80. etamarthaṁ mahābāhurubhayoḥ sa nyavedayat ,
tasya prīto'bhavadrājā nityaṁ karuṇaveditā ,
pariṣvajya mahābāhurvaiśyāputraṁ vyasarjayat.

80. etam artham mahābāhuḥ ubhayoḥ sa
nyavedayat tasya prītaḥ abhavat
rājā nityam karuṇaveditā pariṣvajya
mahābāhuḥ vaiśyāputram vyasarjayat

80. saḥ mahābāhuḥ etam artham ubhayoḥ nyavedayat.
rājā tasya prītaḥ abhavat,
(hi saḥ) nityam karuṇaveditā.
mahābāhuḥ vaiśyāputram pariṣvajya vyasarjayat.

80. The mighty-armed one (the son of the Vaiśya woman) reported this matter to both [Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīmasena]. The king was pleased with him, [being a ruler] always mindful of compassion. Embracing the son of the Vaiśya woman, the mighty-armed one (the king) then dismissed him.

Words meanings summery:

• एतम् (etam) - this

• अर्थम् (artham) - matter, purpose, meaning, wealth

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the son of the Vaiśya woman (the speaker of previous verses) (the mighty-armed one)

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - to both Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīmasena (of both, to both)

• स (sa) - the son of the Vaiśya woman (he)

• न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - reported, announced, presented

• तस्य (tasya) - with the son of the Vaiśya woman (of him, to him)

• प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, glad

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, it was

• राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• करुणवेदिता (karuṇaveditā) - the king's characteristic of understanding compassion (knowledge of compassion, state of knowing compassion)

• परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (the mighty-armed one)

• वैश्यापुत्रम् (vaiśyāputram) - the messenger/speaker from earlier verses (the son of a Vaiśya woman)

• व्यसर्जयत् (vyasarjayat) - he dismissed, sent away, released

Words meanings and morphology

एतम् (etam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Agrees with artham

अर्थम् (artham) - matter, purpose, meaning, wealth

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, matter, object, wealth

Note: Object of nyavedayat

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - the son of the Vaiśya woman (the speaker of previous verses) (the mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of nyavedayat

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - to both Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīmasena (of both, to both)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

Note: Used here in a dative-like sense "to both"

स (sa) - the son of the Vaiśya woman (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Corresponds to mahābāhuḥ

न्यवेदयत् (nyavedayat) - reported, announced, presented

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of niveday

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular of causative vid with ni prefix

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 6)

Note: Causative of vid (to know)

तस्य (tasya) - with the son of the Vaiśya woman (of him, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: Here implies a dative sense with prītaḥ ("pleased with")

प्रीतः (prītaḥ) - pleased, satisfied, glad

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, satisfied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root prī

Root: prī (class 9)

Note: Predicative adjective for rājā

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as copula with prītaḥ

राजा (rājā) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Subject of abhavat

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies karuṇaveditā or the overall state of the king.

करुणवेदिता (karuṇaveditā) - the king's characteristic of understanding compassion (knowledge of compassion, state of knowing compassion)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of karuṇaveditā

karuṇaveditā - understanding of compassion

Formed with suffix -tā from karuṇāvedin

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (karuṇā+vedin)

• karuṇā – compassion, pity
  noun (feminine)
• vedin – knowing, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun/Adjective
  Derived from root vid with suffix in
  Root: vid (class 6)

Note: It's a feminine noun in nominative, likely describing a characteristic (of the king).

परिष्वज्य (pariṣvajya) - having embraced

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root svaj with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: svaj (class 1)

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - King Yudhiṣṭhira (the mighty-armed one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bāhu)

• mahat – great, mighty
  adjective (neuter)
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of vyasarjayat

वैश्यापुत्रम् (vaiśyāputram) - the messenger/speaker from earlier verses (the son of a Vaiśya woman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaiśyāputra

vaiśyāputra - son of a Vaiśya woman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaiśyā+putra)

• vaiśyā – a woman of the Vaiśya caste
  noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of pariṣvajya and vyasarjayat

व्यसर्जयत् (vyasarjayat) - he dismissed, sent away, released

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyasarjay

Imperfect

Imperfect 3rd person singular of causative sṛj with vi prefix

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Causative of sṛj (to create, emit)