महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-74

अपि चैषां भयं तीव्रं पार्थेभ्योऽभूत्सुदारुणम् ।
प्रेक्षमाणास्तदान्योन्यमाधावन्नगरं प्रति ॥७४॥

74. api caiṣāṁ bhayaṁ tīvraṁ pārthebhyo'bhūtsudāruṇam ,
prekṣamāṇāstadānyonyamādhāvannagaraṁ prati.

74. api ca eṣāṃ bhayaṃ tīvraṃ pārthebhyaḥ abhūt sudāruṇam
prekṣamāṇāḥ tadā anyonyam ādhāvan nagaraṃ prati

74. api ca eṣām pārthebhyaḥ tīvram sudāruṇam bhayaṃ abhūt.
tadā anyonyam prekṣamāṇāḥ nagaraṃ prati ādhāvan.

74. Moreover, an intense and very terrible fear arose in them from the Pāṇḍavas. Looking at each other then, they ran towards the city.

Words meanings summery:

• अपि (api) - moreover (also, even, moreover)

• च (ca) - and (and, moreover)

• एषाम् (eṣām) - in them (of these, to these)

• भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear (fear, dread)

• तीव्रं (tīvraṁ) - intense (intense, sharp, severe)

• पार्थेभ्यः (pārthebhyaḥ) - from the Pāṇḍavas (from the sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas))

• अभूत् (abhūt) - it arose (it was, it became, it arose)

• सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - very terrible (very terrible, exceedingly dreadful)

• प्रेक्षमाणाः (prekṣamāṇāḥ) - looking (looking, observing)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

• आधावन् (ādhāvan) - they ran towards

• नगरं (nagaraṁ) - city (city, town)

• प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

Words meanings and morphology

अपि (api) - moreover (also, even, moreover)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and (and, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एषाम् (eṣām) - in them (of these, to these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Refers to the 'manuṣyāḥ' from the previous verse.

भयं (bhayaṁ) - fear (fear, dread)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread

Note: Subject of 'abhūt'.

तीव्रं (tīvraṁ) - intense (intense, sharp, severe)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tīvra

tīvra - intense, sharp, severe

Note: Agrees with 'bhayaṃ'.

पार्थेभ्यः (pārthebhyaḥ) - from the Pāṇḍavas (from the sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas))

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, Arjuna, Pāṇḍava

Derived from Pṛthā (Kuntī) by adding the aṇ suffix, meaning 'descendant of Pṛthā'.

Note: Indicates the source of fear.

अभूत् (abhūt) - it arose (it was, it became, it arose)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

Aorist Active

Third person singular aorist active indicative of root 'bhū'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

सुदारुणम् (sudāruṇam) - very terrible (very terrible, exceedingly dreadful)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sudāruṇa

sudāruṇa - very terrible, exceedingly dreadful

Compound 'su-' (intensifier) + 'dāruṇa' (terrible).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+dāruṇa)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• dāruṇa – terrible, dreadful, cruel
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'bhayaṃ'.

प्रेक्षमाणाः (prekṣamāṇāḥ) - looking (looking, observing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - looking, observing, seeing

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'pra-' and middle participle suffix 'śānac'.

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the implied subject 'manuṣyāḥ'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Derived from pronominal base 'tad'.

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - each other (each other, mutually)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anyonya

anyonya - each other, mutual

Formed from 'anya' (other) repeated.

Note: Object of 'prekṣamāṇāḥ'.

आधावन् (ādhāvan) - they ran towards

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of dhāv

Imperfect Active

Third person plural imperfect active indicative of root 'dhāv' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)

नगरं (nagaraṁ) - city (city, town)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nagara

nagara - city, town

Note: Object of the action implied by 'prati' and 'ādhāvan'.

प्रति (prati) - towards (towards, against, concerning)

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs the accusative case ('nagaraṃ').