महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-85

विना राज्ञः प्रवेशाद्वै किमसि त्वमिहागतः ।
एतन्मे कारणं सर्वं विस्तरेण निवेदय ॥८५॥

85. vinā rājñaḥ praveśādvai kimasi tvamihāgataḥ ,
etanme kāraṇaṁ sarvaṁ vistareṇa nivedaya.

85. vinā rājñaḥ praveśāt vai kim asi tvam iha āgataḥ
| etat me kāraṇam sarvam vistareṇa nivedaya

85. rājaḥ praveśāt vinā tvam iha kim āgataḥ asi
etat sarvam kāraṇam me vistareṇa nivedaya

85. Without the king's permission, why have you come here? Please explain the entire reason for this to me in detail.

Words meanings summery:

• विना (vinā) - without

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• प्रवेशात् (praveśāt) - from entry, from permission, from access

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• असि (asi) - you are

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• इह (iha) - here, in this world

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived

• एतत् (etat) - this

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause, motive

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

• निवेदय (nivedaya) - report, tell, explain

Words meanings and morphology

विना (vinā) - without

(indeclinable)

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Note: Also ablative singular form.

प्रवेशात् (praveśāt) - from entry, from permission, from access

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of praveśa

praveśa - entry, entrance, access, permission

Prefix: pra-viś

Root: viś (class 6)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, who

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter, or an interrogative adverb 'why'.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

इह (iha) - here, in this world

(indeclinable)

आगतः (āgataḥ) - come, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam with prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Also genitive singular.

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - reason, cause, motive

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument

From root kṛ 'to do', with suffix ana.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire, whole

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Also accusative singular neuter.

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail, extensively, at length

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, expansion, detail, minuteness

From vi-stṛ 'to spread out'.

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

निवेदय (nivedaya) - report, tell, explain

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nivedaya

Causal form

Causal of ni-vid.

Prefix: ni

Root: vid (class 6)