महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-15

तेषु राजसहस्रेषु तावकेषु महात्मसु ।
एको दुर्योधनो राजन्नदृश्यत भृशं क्षतः ॥१५॥

15. teṣu rājasahasreṣu tāvakeṣu mahātmasu ,
eko duryodhano rājannadṛśyata bhṛśaṁ kṣataḥ.

15. teṣu rāja-sahasreṣu tāvakāṣu mahātmasu ekaḥ
duryodhanaḥ rājan adṛśyata bhṛśam kṣataḥ

15. rājan teṣu tāvakāṣu mahātmasu rāja-sahasreṣu
ekaḥ duryodhanaḥ bhṛśam kṣataḥ adṛśyata

15. O King, among your thousands of mighty kings, only Duryodhana was seen, exceedingly wounded.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषु (teṣu) - among them, in those

• राज-सहस्रेषु (rāja-sahasreṣu) - among thousands of kings

• तावकाषु (tāvakāṣu) - among your (men/forces)

• महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the great-souled, mighty ones

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, only

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

• राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O King)

• अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - he was seen, appeared

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, severely

• क्षतः (kṣataḥ) - wounded, injured

Words meanings and morphology

तेषु (teṣu) - among them, in those

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, them

Masculine locative plural of tad.

राज-सहस्रेषु (rāja-sahasreṣu) - among thousands of kings

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rāja-sahasra

rāja-sahasra - a thousand kings

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+sahasra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• sahasra – a thousand
  numeral/noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the numerous kings fighting for Duryodhana.

तावकाषु (tāvakāṣu) - among your (men/forces)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - yours, belonging to you, your people

formed from pronominal base tava (your)

महात्मसु (mahātmasu) - among the great-souled, mighty ones

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, magnanimous, noble, mighty, exalted

compound of mahā (great) + ātman (soul/self)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  Stem form for 'great'.
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, the individual essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: an (class 2)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, only

(numeral)

Note: Qualifies 'duryodhanaḥ'.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

literally "difficult to fight with/conquer"

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – bad, difficult, hard, ill
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• yodhana – fighting, battle, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh (to fight).
  Root: yudh (class 4)

राजन् (rājan) - O Dhritarashtra (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

अदृश्यत (adṛśyata) - he was seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

imperfect middle 3rd singular

Root dṛś (to see), imperfect passive/middle.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, severely

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter of bhṛśa, used adverbially.

Note: Modifies 'kṣataḥ'.

क्षतः (kṣataḥ) - wounded, injured

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣata

kṣata - wounded, injured, harmed

Past Passive Participle

From root kṣaṇ (to hurt, wound), or kṣad.

Root: kṣaṇ (class 8)