महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-9, chapter-28, verse-4
प्रगृहीतायुधान्बाहून्योधानामभिधावताम् ।
भल्लैश्चिच्छेद बीभत्सुः शिरांस्यपि हयानपि ॥४॥
भल्लैश्चिच्छेद बीभत्सुः शिरांस्यपि हयानपि ॥४॥
4. pragṛhītāyudhānbāhūnyodhānāmabhidhāvatām ,
bhallaiściccheda bībhatsuḥ śirāṁsyapi hayānapi.
bhallaiściccheda bībhatsuḥ śirāṁsyapi hayānapi.
4.
pragṛhīta-āyudhān bāhūn yodhānām abhidhāvatām |
bhallaiḥ ciccheda bībhatsuḥ śirāṃsi api hayān api
bhallaiḥ ciccheda bībhatsuḥ śirāṃsi api hayān api
4.
bībhatsuḥ bhallaiḥ pragṛhīta-āyudhān abhidhāvatām
yodhānām bāhūn śirāṃsi api hayān api ciccheda
yodhānām bāhūn śirāṃsi api hayān api ciccheda
4.
Bībhatsu (Arjuna), with his arrows, severed the arms of those warriors who were rushing forward with weapons in hand; he also cut off their heads and even their horses.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रगृहीत-आयुधान् (pragṛhīta-āyudhān) - Qualifies the warriors. (holding weapons, having taken up weapons)
- बाहून् (bāhūn) - arms
- योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors
- अभिधावताम् (abhidhāvatām) - Qualifies the warriors (yodhānām). (of those rushing forward)
- भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - Specific type of arrow used in battle. (with arrows, by means of darts)
- चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut off, he severed
- बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - A name of Arjuna, meaning 'one who abhors (foul deeds of war)' (Bībhatsu (Arjuna))
- शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads
- अपि (api) - also, even
- हयान् (hayān) - The horses of the warriors. (horses)
- अपि (api) - also, even
Words meanings and morphology
प्रगृहीत-आयुधान् (pragṛhīta-āyudhān) - Qualifies the warriors. (holding weapons, having taken up weapons)
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pragṛhīta-āyudha
pragṛhīta-āyudha - having taken up weapons, holding weapons
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pragṛhīta+āyudha)
- pragṛhīta – grasped, taken, held
adjective
Past Passive Participle
Root grah (to seize) with upasarga pra + kta suffix
Prefix: pra
Root: grah (class 9) - āyudha – weapon, implement
noun (neuter)
Note: Modifies the implied 'yodhān'.
बाहून् (bāhūn) - arms
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bāhu
bāhu - arm
Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.
योधानाम् (yodhānām) - of the warriors
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of yodha
yodha - warrior, soldier
Root: yudh (class 4)
Note: Possession: 'arms of the warriors'.
अभिधावताम् (abhidhāvatām) - Qualifies the warriors (yodhānām). (of those rushing forward)
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of abhidhāvat
abhidhāvat - rushing towards, attacking
Present Active Participle
Root dhāv (to run) with upasarga abhi + śatṛ suffix
Prefix: abhi
Root: dhāv (class 1)
Note: Adjective agreeing with 'yodhānām'.
भल्लैः (bhallaiḥ) - Specific type of arrow used in battle. (with arrows, by means of darts)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhalla
bhalla - arrow, dart
Note: Instrument of action for 'ciccheda'.
चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut off, he severed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of chid
Perfect active third person singular
Root chid (to cut), perfect tense, parasmaipada
Root: chid (class 7)
Note: Predicate verb.
बीभत्सुः (bībhatsuḥ) - A name of Arjuna, meaning 'one who abhors (foul deeds of war)' (Bībhatsu (Arjuna))
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bībhatsu
bībhatsu - Bībhatsu (a name of Arjuna), disgusted, abhorring
Desiderative, used as a proper noun/adjective
Desiderative of root badh (to bind) or bhī (to fear), or from bibhatsa (disgust)
Note: Subject of 'ciccheda'.
शिरांसि (śirāṁsi) - heads
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, plural of śiras
śiras - head
Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes 'śirāṃsi'.
हयान् (hayān) - The horses of the warriors. (horses)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of haya
haya - horse
Root: hi (class 5)
Note: Object of 'ciccheda'.
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes 'hayān'.