महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-36

धृष्टद्युम्नवचः श्रुत्वा शिनेर्नप्ता महारथः ।
उद्यम्य निशितं खड्गं हन्तुं मामुद्यतस्तदा ॥३६॥

36. dhṛṣṭadyumnavacaḥ śrutvā śinernaptā mahārathaḥ ,
udyamya niśitaṁ khaḍgaṁ hantuṁ māmudyatastadā.

36. dhṛṣṭadyumnavacaḥ śrutvā śineḥ naptā mahārathaḥ
udyamya niśitam khaḍgam hantum mām udyataḥ tadā

36. tada dhṛṣṭadyumnavacaḥ śrutvā śineḥ naptā mahārathaḥ
niśitam khaḍgam udyamya mām hantum udyataḥ

36. Then, the great chariot-warrior, the grandson of Śini (Sātyaki), having heard Dhṛṣṭadyumna's words, raised his sharpened sword and was ready to kill me.

Words meanings summery:

• धृष्टद्युम्नवचः (dhṛṣṭadyumnavacaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna's words

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

• नप्ता (naptā) - referring to Sātyaki (grandson)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - referring to Sātyaki (great chariot-warrior)

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, having lifted, having taken up

• निशितम् (niśitam) - sharp, sharpened, whetted

• खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

• हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, in order to kill

• माम् (mām) - referring to the narrator (Saṃjaya) or speaker of these verses. (me)

• उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - ready to kill (ready, prepared, undertaken, raised)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

धृष्टद्युम्नवचः (dhṛṣṭadyumnavacaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna's words

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumnavacas

dhṛṣṭadyumnavacas - words of Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (dhṛṣṭadyumna+vacas)

• dhṛṣṭadyumna – Dhṛṣṭadyumna (name of a Pāñcāla prince)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vacas – word, speech, saying
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vac (class 2)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root śru (to hear) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: śru (class 5)

शिनेः (śineḥ) - of Śini

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śini

śini - Śini (name of an ancestor of Sātyaki)

नप्ता (naptā) - referring to Sātyaki (grandson)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naptṛ

naptṛ - grandson, descendant

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - referring to Sātyaki (great chariot-warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a warrior who fights from a great chariot

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rah (class 1)

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised, having lifted, having taken up

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root yam (to lift, raise) with upasarga ud, and suffix -ya (līAP).

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

निशितम् (niśitam) - sharp, sharpened, whetted

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of niśita

niśita - sharpened, keen, acute, pointed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śo (to sharpen) with upasarga ni and suffix -ta.

Prefix: ni

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Adjective modifying 'khaḍgam'.

खड्गम् (khaḍgam) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword, rhinoceros

हन्तुम् (hantum) - to kill, in order to kill

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root han (to kill) with the suffix -tum.

Root: han (class 2)

माम् (mām) - referring to the narrator (Saṃjaya) or speaker of these verses. (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (pronoun)

Accusative singular form of 'asmad'.

उद्यतः (udyataḥ) - ready to kill (ready, prepared, undertaken, raised)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of udyata

udyata - ready, prepared, exerted, raised, undertaken

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yam (to restrain, to lift) with upasarga ud and suffix -ta.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe 'naptā' (Sātyaki).

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad (that) + -dā (suffix indicating time).