महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-60

ते तु तत्र चिरं कालं विलप्य च महारथाः ।
प्राद्रवन्रथिनां श्रेष्ठा दृष्ट्वा पाण्डुसुतान्रणे ॥६०॥

60. te tu tatra ciraṁ kālaṁ vilapya ca mahārathāḥ ,
prādravanrathināṁ śreṣṭhā dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍusutānraṇe.

60. te tu tatra ciram kālam vilapya ca mahārathāḥ
prādravan rathinām śreṣṭhāḥ dṛṣṭvā pāṇḍusutān raṇe

60. tu te mahārathāḥ,
rathinām śreṣṭhāḥ,
tatra ciram kālam vilapya ca,
raṇe pāṇḍusutān dṛṣṭvā,
prādravan

60. But those great warriors, those best of charioteers, after lamenting there for a long time, fled upon seeing the sons of Pāṇḍu in the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those, they

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

• कालम् (kālam) - time

• विलप्य (vilapya) - having lamented, having wailed

• च (ca) - and, also

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

• प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, ran away

• रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

• श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - best, most excellent

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• पाण्डुसुतान् (pāṇḍusutān) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, they

Note: Refers to Aśvatthāmā and other warriors.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Locative adverb.

चिरम् (ciram) - for a long time, long

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter form used as an adverb.

Note: Functions adverbially with 'kālam' to mean 'for a long time'.

कालम् (kālam) - time

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

Note: Accusative of duration, 'for a long time'.

विलप्य (vilapya) - having lamented, having wailed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root `lap` with prefix `vi`, suffix `ya`.

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great charioteers, great warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior, a great charioteer (one who can fight 10,000 archers simultaneously)

Compound of `mahā` (great) and `ratha` (chariot/warrior).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, war-chariot; a warrior who fights from a chariot
  noun (masculine)

प्राद्रवन् (prādravan) - they fled, ran away

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural

Root `dru` with prefix `pra`, imperfect 3rd person plural.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

रथिनाम् (rathinām) - of charioteers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rathin

rathin - charioteer, warrior fighting from a chariot

Possessive suffix `in`.

श्रेष्ठाः (śreṣṭhāḥ) - best, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief

Superlative degree of `praśasya` (excellent).

Note: Agrees with 'mahārathāḥ'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root `dṛś`, suffix `tvā`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पाण्डुसुतान् (pāṇḍusutān) - the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍusuta

pāṇḍusuta - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound of `pāṇḍu` (Pāṇḍu) and `suta` (son).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+suta)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king, father of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the fight

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Root: raṇ (class 1)