महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-18

दुर्योधनो महाराज कश्मलेनाभिसंवृतः ।
अपयाने मनश्चक्रे विहीनबलवाहनः ॥१८॥

18. duryodhano mahārāja kaśmalenābhisaṁvṛtaḥ ,
apayāne manaścakre vihīnabalavāhanaḥ.

18. duryodhanaḥ mahārāja kaśmalena abhisaṁvṛtaḥ
apayāne manaḥ cakre vihīnabalavāhanaḥ

18. mahārāja duryodhanaḥ kaśmalena abhisaṁvṛtaḥ
vihīnabalavāhanaḥ apayāne manaḥ cakre

18. O great king, Duryodhana, enveloped by confusion, decided to retreat, as he was devoid of soldiers and mounts.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• कश्मलेन (kaśmalena) - by confusion, by distress, by stupor

• अभिसंवृतः (abhisaṁvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, overcome

• अपयाने (apayāne) - in retreat, in fleeing

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he decided

• विहीनबलवाहनः (vihīnabalavāhanaḥ) - deprived of forces and vehicles, devoid of soldiers and mounts

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (name of the eldest Kaurava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (mahā+rāja)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

कश्मलेन (kaśmalena) - by confusion, by distress, by stupor

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of kaśmala

kaśmala - confusion, stupor, distress

अभिसंवृतः (abhisaṁvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhisaṁvṛta

abhisaṁvṛta - covered, enveloped, surrounded, overcome

Past Passive Participle

from √vṛ (to cover) with prefixes abhi- and saṁ-

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: vṛ (class 5)

अपयाने (apayāne) - in retreat, in fleeing

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of apayāna

apayāna - retreat, flight, going away

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, thought

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, thought, intellect

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did, he decided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Past Perfect (Lit) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विहीनबलवाहनः (vihīnabalavāhanaḥ) - deprived of forces and vehicles, devoid of soldiers and mounts

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vihīnabalavāhana

vihīnabalavāhana - deprived of forces and vehicles

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (vihīna+bala+vāhana)

• vihīna – deprived, devoid, abandoned
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √hā (to abandon) with vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: hā (class 3)
• bala – force, strength, army
  noun (neuter)
• vāhana – vehicle, mount, carrier
  noun (neuter)