महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-84

तमब्रवीत्सत्यधृतिः प्रणतं त्वग्रतः स्थितम् ।
अस्मिन्कुरुक्षये वृत्ते दिष्ट्या त्वं पुत्र जीवसि ॥८४॥

84. tamabravītsatyadhṛtiḥ praṇataṁ tvagrataḥ sthitam ,
asminkurukṣaye vṛtte diṣṭyā tvaṁ putra jīvasi.

84. tam abravīt satyadhṛtiḥ praṇatam tvagrataḥ sthitam
asmin kurukṣaye vṛtte diṣṭyā tvam putra jīvasi

84. satyadhṛtiḥ praṇatam tvagrataḥ sthitam tam (viduram) abravīt
: "putra! asmin kurukṣaye vṛtte (sati) tvam diṣṭyā jīvasi!"

84. Satyadhriti (Uddhava) said to him (Vidura), who was bowed and standing before him: 'O son, it is indeed fortunate that you are alive after this destruction of the Kurus has occurred!'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Vidura) (him, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Uddhava) said (he said, he spoke)

• सत्यधृतिः (satyadhṛtiḥ) - Satyadhriti (Uddhava) (one whose resolve is true, firm in truth)

• प्रणतम् (praṇatam) - bowed (Vidura) (bowed down, humble, saluting)

• त्वग्रतः (tvagrataḥ) - in front (of Uddhava) (in front, before)

• स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing (standing, situated, existing)

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (destruction) (in this)

• कुरुक्षये (kurukṣaye) - in this great destruction of the Kurus (referring to the war) (in the destruction of the Kurus, in Kurukshetra (battlefield))

• वृत्ते (vṛtte) - having occurred (having occurred, having happened, passed)

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, by good luck, by destiny)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Vidura) (you)

• पुत्र (putra) - O son (addressing Vidura respectfully) (son, child)

• जीवसि (jīvasi) - you are alive (you live, you are alive)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Vidura) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Accusative singular masculine form of 'tad'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he (Uddhava) said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root 'brū' (Class 2), 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Augmented form of the imperfect tense.

सत्यधृतिः (satyadhṛtiḥ) - Satyadhriti (Uddhava) (one whose resolve is true, firm in truth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyadhṛti

satyadhṛti - firm in truth, true resolve, steadfastness

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (satya+dhṛti)

• satya – truth, true, real
  noun (neuter)
• dhṛti – firmness, steadfastness, resolve
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: A proper epithet for Uddhava, meaning 'steadfast in truth'.

प्रणतम् (praṇatam) - bowed (Vidura) (bowed down, humble, saluting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, humble, saluting

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nam' (to bow) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Vidura).

त्वग्रतः (tvagrataḥ) - in front (of Uddhava) (in front, before)

(indeclinable)

A less common indeclinable meaning 'in front'. Possibly derived from 'agre' or 'agrataḥ' with an obscure prefix or variant formation.

स्थितम् (sthitam) - standing (standing, situated, existing)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm, existing

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tam' (Vidura). Though a past passive participle, it describes the state of the agent.

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this (destruction) (in this)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Locative singular masculine form of 'idam'.

कुरुक्षये (kurukṣaye) - in this great destruction of the Kurus (referring to the war) (in the destruction of the Kurus, in Kurukshetra (battlefield))

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kurukṣaya

kurukṣaya - destruction of the Kurus; the field of Kurus (Kurukshetra)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuru+kṣaya)

• kuru – the Kurus (a royal dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣaya – destruction, decay, end
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kṣi' (to destroy, diminish).
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Refers to the great war of the Mahabharata.

वृत्ते (vṛtte) - having occurred (having occurred, having happened, passed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - occurred, happened, completed, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, happen).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Forms a locative absolute construction with 'asmin kurukṣaye'.

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately (fortunately, by good luck, by destiny)

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of 'diṣṭi' (destiny, fortune) used adverbially.

Note: Expresses a sense of good fortune.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Vidura) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Nominative singular form of 'yuṣmad'.

पुत्र (putra) - O son (addressing Vidura respectfully) (son, child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Used as a term of address or affection, despite Vidura not being Uddhava's literal son.

जीवसि (jīvasi) - you are alive (you live, you are alive)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present tense, active voice

Root 'jīv' (Class 1), 2nd person singular present active.

Root: jīv (class 1)