महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-55

ते सर्वे मामभिप्रेक्ष्य तूर्णमश्वानचोदयन् ।
उपयाय च मामूचुर्दिष्ट्या जीवसि संजय ॥५५॥

55. te sarve māmabhiprekṣya tūrṇamaśvānacodayan ,
upayāya ca māmūcurdiṣṭyā jīvasi saṁjaya.

55. te sarve mām abhiprekṣya tūrṇam aśvān acodayan
upayāya ca mām ūcuḥ diṣṭyā jīvasi saṃjaya

55. te sarve mām abhiprekṣya tūrṇam aśvān acodayan
ca upayāya mām ūcuḥ diṣṭyā saṃjaya jīvasi

55. Seeing me, all of them quickly spurred their horses. Approaching me, they then said, "Fortunately, Sañjaya, you are alive!"

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

• माम् (mām) - me

• अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, perceiving, after seeing

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• अचोदयन् (acodayan) - they urged, they spurred

• उपयाय (upayāya) - having approached, having come near

• च (ca) - and, also

• माम् (mām) - me

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

• जीवसि (jīvasi) - you live, you are alive

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya!

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वे (sarve) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

अभिप्रेक्ष्य (abhiprekṣya) - having seen, perceiving, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from abhi-pra-√īkṣ (to look at, perceive)

Prefixes: abhi+pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial use of a past passive participle

Root: tvar (class 1)

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

अचोदयन् (acodayan) - they urged, they spurred

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Causative form (codayati)

Imperfect 3rd plural active of causative √cud

Root: cud (class 10)

उपयाय (upayāya) - having approached, having come near

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from upa-√yā (to approach, go near)

Prefix: upa

Root: yā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect 3rd plural active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - fortunately, by good luck

(indeclinable)

Instrumental singular of diṣṭi used adverbially

जीवसि (jīvasi) - you live, you are alive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present 2nd singular active of √jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Sañjaya!

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Sañjaya (a proper name, the narrator to Dhṛtarāṣṭra)