महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-28, verse-83

अपश्यत महाप्राज्ञं विदुरं साश्रुलोचनम् ।
राज्ञः समीपान्निष्क्रान्तं शोकोपहतचेतसम् ॥८३॥

83. apaśyata mahāprājñaṁ viduraṁ sāśrulocanam ,
rājñaḥ samīpānniṣkrāntaṁ śokopahatacetasam.

83. apaśyata mahāprājñam viduram sāśrulocanam
rājñaḥ samīpāt niṣkrāntam śokopahatacetasam

83. mahāprājñam viduram apaśyata,
sāśrulocanam (āsīt),
rājñaḥ samīpāt niṣkrāntam (āsīt),
evaṃ śokopahatacetasam (āsīt)

83. He saw the greatly wise Vidura, whose eyes were filled with tears, who had just exited from the king's presence, and whose mind was overcome with sorrow.

Words meanings summery:

• अपश्यत (apaśyata) - he (Uddhava) saw (he saw, beheld)

• महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - the greatly wise (Vidura) (greatly wise, very intelligent)

• विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura (Vidura (name))

• साश्रुलोचनम् (sāśrulocanam) - having tearful eyes (with tearful eyes)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the king, from the king)

• समीपात् (samīpāt) - from the vicinity (of the king) (from near, from the vicinity)

• निष्क्रान्तम् (niṣkrāntam) - who had exited (gone forth, exited, departed)

• शोकोपहतचेतसम् (śokopahatacetasam) - whose mind was overwhelmed by sorrow (whose mind is overwhelmed by sorrow)

Words meanings and morphology

अपश्यत (apaśyata) - he (Uddhava) saw (he saw, beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of paś

Imperfect tense, active voice

Root 'dṛś' (Class 1), but uses 'paśya' stem in present/imperfect. Here, 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Augmented form of the imperfect tense.

महाप्राज्ञम् (mahāprājñam) - the greatly wise (Vidura) (greatly wise, very intelligent)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from 'prajñā' (wisdom).

Note: Agrees with 'Viduram'.

विदुरम् (viduram) - Vidura (Vidura (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in Mahabharata)

साश्रुलोचनम् (sāśrulocanam) - having tearful eyes (with tearful eyes)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sāśrulocana

sāśrulocana - having tearful eyes, with eyes full of tears

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aśru+locana)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• aśru – tear
  noun (neuter)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Root: loc (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'Viduram'.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (of the king, from the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Governs 'samīpāt'.

समीपात् (samīpāt) - from the vicinity (of the king) (from near, from the vicinity)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of samīpa

samīpa - near, vicinity, proximity

Note: Used as an adverbial ablative, 'from near'.

निष्क्रान्तम् (niṣkrāntam) - who had exited (gone forth, exited, departed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niṣkrānta

niṣkrānta - gone forth, exited, come out

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kram' (to step) with prefix 'nis'.

Prefix: nis

Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'Viduram'. Though a past passive participle, it describes an action performed by Vidura.

शोकोपहतचेतसम् (śokopahatacetasam) - whose mind was overwhelmed by sorrow (whose mind is overwhelmed by sorrow)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śokopahatacetas

śokopahatacetas - whose mind is afflicted/overwhelmed by sorrow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śoka+upahata+cetas)

• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
• upahata – struck, afflicted, overwhelmed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to strike) with prefix 'upa'.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'Viduram'.