महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-114, verse-48

तामाधिरथिरायस्तः शक्तिं हेमपरिष्कृताम् ।
आपतन्तीं महोल्काभां चिच्छेद दशभिः शरैः ॥४८॥

48. tāmādhirathirāyastaḥ śaktiṁ hemapariṣkṛtām ,
āpatantīṁ maholkābhāṁ ciccheda daśabhiḥ śaraiḥ.

48. tām ādhīrathiḥ āyastaḥ śaktim hemapariṣkṛtām
āpatantīm maholkābhām ciccheda daśabhiḥ śaraiḥ

48. ādhīrathiḥ āyastaḥ tām hemapariṣkṛtām maholkābhām
āpatantīm śaktim daśabhiḥ śaraiḥ ciccheda

48. Adhiratha's son (Karṇa), vigilant, cut that gold-adorned spear, which was descending like a great meteor, with ten arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that spear (that, her)

• आधीरथिः (ādhīrathiḥ) - Karṇa (the son of Adhiratha)

• आयस्तः (āyastaḥ) - vigilant, ready, prepared

• शक्तिम् (śaktim) - spear, power

• हेमपरिष्कृताम् (hemapariṣkṛtām) - adorned with gold, decorated with gold

• आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - falling, descending, approaching

• महोल्काभाम् (maholkābhām) - resembling a great meteor, shining like a great firebrand

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he pierced

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that spear (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

आधीरथिः (ādhīrathiḥ) - Karṇa (the son of Adhiratha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ādhīrathi

ādhīrathi - son of Adhiratha, Karṇa

Derivative from Adhiratha with -i suffix indicating 'son of'

आयस्तः (āyastaḥ) - vigilant, ready, prepared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyasta

āyasta - exhausted, fatigued, troubled, also ready, prepared, vigilant, earnest

Past Passive Participle

upasarga ā + root yas + suffix -ta

Prefix: ā

Root: yas (class 4)

शक्तिम् (śaktim) - spear, power

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, strength, spear, divine energy (śakti)

हेमपरिष्कृताम् (hemapariṣkṛtām) - adorned with gold, decorated with gold

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hemapariṣkṛta

hemapariṣkṛta - adorned with gold, decorated with gold

Past Passive Participle

Compound of heman (gold) and pariṣkṛta (adorned). Pariṣkṛta is a PPP from root kṛ with prefixes pari and saṃ/su.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (heman+pariṣkṛta)

• heman – gold
  noun (neuter)
• pariṣkṛta – adorned, decorated, prepared, refined
  adjective (feminine)
  Past Passive Participle
  upasarga pari + root kṛ + suffix -ta (with s-augmentation, samprasarana)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

आपतन्तीम् (āpatantīm) - falling, descending, approaching

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of āpatant

āpatant - falling, descending, approaching, flying down

Present Active Participle

upasarga ā + root pat + suffix -śatṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

महोल्काभाम् (maholkābhām) - resembling a great meteor, shining like a great firebrand

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maholkābha

maholkābha - shining like a great meteor, resembling a great firebrand

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahat+ulkā+ābha)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ulkā – meteor, firebrand, torch
  noun (feminine)
• ābha – splendor, light; resembling, like
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root bhā 'to shine' with prefix ā. Here used as a suffix indicating likeness.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: bhā (class 2)

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - he cut, he pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of chid

Perfect Active

Reduplicated root chid, 3rd person singular

Root: chid (class 7)

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of daśan

daśan - ten

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed