महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-114, verse-54

स भीमसेनः कुपितो बलवान्सत्यविक्रमः ।
विहायसं प्राक्रमद्वै कर्णस्य व्यथयन्मनः ॥५४॥

54. sa bhīmasenaḥ kupito balavānsatyavikramaḥ ,
vihāyasaṁ prākramadvai karṇasya vyathayanmanaḥ.

54. saḥ bhīmasenaḥ kupitaḥ balavān satyavikramaḥ
vihāyasam prākramat vai karṇasya vyathayan manaḥ

54. saḥ bhīmasenaḥ kupitaḥ balavān satyavikramaḥ
vai vyathayan karṇasya manaḥ vihāyasam prākramat

54. That Bhimasena, enraged, mighty, and truly valorous, indeed sprang into the sky, troubling Karna's mind.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Bhimasena) (he, that)

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (name))

• कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• बलवान् (balavān) - mighty (mighty, powerful, strong)

• सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - truly valorous (of true valor, whose prowess is real)

• विहायसम् (vihāyasam) - into the sky (sky, atmosphere, space)

• प्राक्रमत् (prākramat) - sprang (sprang, advanced, attacked)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely (emphatic particle))

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - Karna's (of Karna)

• व्यथयन् (vyathayan) - troubling (causing distress, tormenting, troubling)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, heart, intellect)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Bhimasena) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Bhimasena.

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (Bhimasena (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava prince)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

कुपितः (kupitaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kupita

kupita - enraged, angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root kup (to be angry)

Root: kup (class 4)

बलवान् (balavān) - mighty (mighty, powerful, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty

Formed from bala (strength) + suffix -vat (possessing)

सत्यविक्रमः (satyavikramaḥ) - truly valorous (of true valor, whose prowess is real)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavikrama

satyavikrama - of true valor, truly powerful, whose prowess is true

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+vikrama)

• satya – true, real, truth
  noun/adjective (neuter)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, heroism
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from vi-kram (to step, stride, be valorous)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

विहायसम् (vihāyasam) - into the sky (sky, atmosphere, space)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vihāyas

vihāyas - sky, atmosphere, space

Note: Denotes the destination of movement.

प्राक्रमत् (prākramat) - sprang (sprang, advanced, attacked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pra-kram

Imperfect, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Formed from prefix pra- + root kram

Prefix: pra

Root: kram (class 1)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely (emphatic particle))

(indeclinable)

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - Karna's (of Karna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a Kuru prince)

Note: Possessive, related to manaḥ.

व्यथयन् (vyathayan) - troubling (causing distress, tormenting, troubling)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathayat

vyathayat - causing distress, troubling, tormenting

Present Active Participle

From causal of root vyath (to tremble, be distressed)

Root: vyath (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - mind (mind, heart, intellect)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, spirit

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Object of vyathayan.