महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-114, verse-3

स कर्णं कर्णिना कर्णे पीतेन निशितेन च ।
विव्याध युधि राजेन्द्र भीमसेनः पतत्रिणा ॥३॥

3. sa karṇaṁ karṇinā karṇe pītena niśitena ca ,
vivyādha yudhi rājendra bhīmasenaḥ patatriṇā.

3. sa karṇam karṇinā karṇe pītena niśitena ca
vivyādha yudhi rājendra bhīmasenaḥ patatriṇā

3. rājendra,
yudhi,
saḥ bhīmasenaḥ karṇam karṇe pītena,
niśitena ca patatriṇā karṇinā vivyādha.

3. In battle, O chief of kings, Bhimasena pierced Karna in the ear with a yellow, sharp, feathered arrow (karṇi).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Bhimasena (he)

• कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

• कर्णिना (karṇinā) - with a feathered arrow (a karṇin)

• कर्णे (karṇe) - in the ear

• पीतेन (pītena) - by the yellow (arrow) (by the yellow)

• निशितेन (niśitena) - by the sharp (arrow) (by the sharpened, by the sharp)

• च (ca) - and

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O chief of kings, O king of kings

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

• पतत्रिणा (patatriṇā) - with a feathered arrow

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Bhimasena (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine of 'tad'

कर्णम् (karṇam) - Karna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name), ear

Note: Object of 'vivyādha'

कर्णिना (karṇinā) - with a feathered arrow (a karṇin)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of karṇin

karṇin - having an ear/tip/feather; a kind of arrow (karṇin)

Possessive suffix '-in' from 'karṇa' (ear/tip/feather)

कर्णे (karṇe) - in the ear

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear, Karna (proper name)

Note: Location of the piercing

पीतेन (pītena) - by the yellow (arrow) (by the yellow)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pīta

pīta - yellow, drunk (past participle of 'pā' to drink)

Adjective (from root 'pī' to be yellow) or Past Passive Participle (from root 'pā' to drink)

Root: pī

निशितेन (niśitena) - by the sharp (arrow) (by the sharpened, by the sharp)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of niśita

niśita - sharpened, sharp, keen

Past Passive Participle

Formed from 'ni' + root 'śā' (to sharpen) + 'kta' suffix

Prefix: ni

Root: śā (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect Active Indicative

Reduplicated perfect form of 'vyadh'

Root: vyadh (class 4)

युधि (yudhi) - in battle, in fight

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yudh

yudh - battle, fight, war

Root: yudh (class 4)

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O chief of kings, O king of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, emperor

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra (deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (proper name)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – terrible, formidable
  adjective
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'vivyādha'

पतत्रिणा (patatriṇā) - with a feathered arrow

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of patatrin

patatrin - feathered, winged, bird, arrow

Possessive suffix '-in' from 'patatra' (wing/feather)