महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-114, verse-53

ततः प्रहस्याधिरथिरन्यदादत्त कार्मुकम् ।
शत्रुघ्नं समरे क्रुद्धो दृढज्यं वेगवत्तरम् ॥५३॥

53. tataḥ prahasyādhirathiranyadādatta kārmukam ,
śatrughnaṁ samare kruddho dṛḍhajyaṁ vegavattaram.

53. tataḥ prahasya adhirathiḥ anyat ādatta kārmukam
śatrughnam samare kruddhaḥ dṛḍhajyam vegavattaram

53. adhirathiḥ kruddhaḥ samare prahasya tataḥ ādatta
anyat kārmukam śatrughnam dṛḍhajyam vegavattaram

53. Then Karna, Adhiratha's son, laughing, enraged in battle, took up another bow—one that was enemy-slaying, had a strong string, and was even swifter.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, therefore)

• प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed (having laughed, smiling)

• अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karna, the son of Adhiratha (son of Adhiratha, Karna)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another (another, other)

• आदत्त (ādatta) - took up (took, received)

• कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

• शत्रुघ्नम् (śatrughnam) - enemy-slaying (enemy-slaying, destroyer of foes)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• दृढज्यम् (dṛḍhajyam) - having a strong bowstring (having a strong string)

• वेगवत्तरम् (vegavattaram) - even swifter (swifter, more powerful)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereupon, therefore)

(indeclinable)

प्रहस्य (prahasya) - having laughed (having laughed, smiling)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from prefix pra- + root has- + suffix -ya

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

अधिरथिः (adhirathiḥ) - Karna, the son of Adhiratha (son of Adhiratha, Karna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhirathi

adhirathi - son of Adhiratha (Karna)

Patronymic

अन्यत् (anyat) - another (another, other)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Agrees with kārmukam

आदत्त (ādatta) - took up (took, received)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of ā-dā

Imperfect, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Formed from prefix ā- + root dā

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

कार्मुकम् (kārmukam) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kārmuka

kārmuka - bow

Note: Object of ādatta

शत्रुघ्नम् (śatrughnam) - enemy-slaying (enemy-slaying, destroyer of foes)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śatrughna

śatrughna - enemy-slaying, destroyer of foes

Compound formed from śatru (enemy) + ghna (killing)

Compound type : tatpurusha (śatru+ghna)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – killing, destroying
  adjective
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - enraged, angry, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Also acts as an agent, qualifying Karna.

दृढज्यम् (dṛḍhajyam) - having a strong bowstring (having a strong string)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛḍhajya

dṛḍhajya - having a strong string

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dṛḍha+jya)

• dṛḍha – strong, firm, hard
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dṛṃh (to make firm)
  Root: dṛṃh (class 1)
• jya – bowstring
  noun (feminine)

वेगवत्तरम् (vegavattaram) - even swifter (swifter, more powerful)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vegavattara

vegavattara - swifter, more impetuous, more powerful

Comparative Degree

Comparative of vegavat (swift, powerful), which is derived from vega (speed) + -vat (possessive suffix)