महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-114, verse-84

स छिन्नधन्वा भीमेन धनंजयशराहतः ।
कर्णो भीमादपायासीद्रथेन महता द्रुतम् ॥८४॥

84. sa chinnadhanvā bhīmena dhanaṁjayaśarāhataḥ ,
karṇo bhīmādapāyāsīdrathena mahatā drutam.

84. sa chinnadhanvā bhīmena dhanañjayaśarāhataḥ
karṇaḥ bhīmāt apāyāsīt rathena mahatā drutam

84. Karna, whose bow had been cut by Bhīma and who had been struck by Dhanañjaya's (Arjuna's) arrows, swiftly retreated from Bhīma on his great chariot.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Karna (he, that)

• छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - whose bow was cut/broken

• भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhīma

• धनञ्जयशराहतः (dhanañjayaśarāhataḥ) - struck by Dhanañjaya's arrows

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

• भीमात् (bhīmāt) - from Bhīma

• अपायासीत् (apāyāsīt) - he went away, he retreated, he departed

• रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

• महता (mahatā) - great, large, mighty

• द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Karna (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine form of the pronominal stem 'tad'.

छिन्नधन्वा (chinnadhanvā) - whose bow was cut/broken

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chinnadhanvan

chinnadhanvan - having a broken bow

A bahuvrīhi compound (chinnaṃ dhanur yasya saḥ). Chinna is past passive participle of √chid (to cut).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (chinna+dhanvan)

• chinna – cut, broken, severed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √chid (to cut, cleave).
  Root: chid (class 7)
• dhanvan – bow
  noun (neuter)

भीमेन (bhīmena) - by Bhīma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of the second Pāṇḍava), terrible

Root: bhī (class 3)

धनञ्जयशराहतः (dhanañjayaśarāhataḥ) - struck by Dhanañjaya's arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjayaśarāhata

dhanañjayaśarāhata - struck by the arrows of Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)

A tatpuruṣa compound (dhanañjayasya śaraiḥ āhata). Āhata is past passive participle of ā-√han (to strike).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhanañjayaśara+āhata)

• dhanañjayaśara – Arjuna's arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āhata – struck, hit, wounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix ā.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: han (class 2)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (name of a warrior)

भीमात् (bhīmāt) - from Bhīma

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (name of the second Pāṇḍava), terrible

Root: bhī (class 3)

अपायासीत् (apāyāsīt) - he went away, he retreated, he departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of √yā

Aorist 3rd person singular active of √yā, with the prefix apa.

Prefix: apa

Root: yā (class 2)

रथेन (rathena) - by chariot, with a chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

Root: rath (class 1)

महता (mahatā) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Declines as an adjective ending in -at.

द्रुतम् (drutam) - swiftly, quickly, rapidly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dru (to run). Here used as an adverb.

Root: dru (class 1)