महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-114, verse-4

स कुण्डलं महत्कर्णात्कर्णस्यापातयद्भुवि ।
तपनीयं महाराज दीप्तं ज्योतिरिवाम्बरात् ॥४॥

4. sa kuṇḍalaṁ mahatkarṇātkarṇasyāpātayadbhuvi ,
tapanīyaṁ mahārāja dīptaṁ jyotirivāmbarāt.

4. sa kuṇḍalam mahat karṇāt karṇasya apātayat bhuvi
tapanīyam mahārāja dīptam jyotiḥ iva ambarāt

4. mahārāja,
saḥ bhuvi karṇasya karṇāt mahat,
tapanīyam,
dīptam kuṇḍalam apātayat,
ambarāt jyotiḥ iva.

4. O great king, he then struck down Karna's great, golden, blazing earring from his ear to the ground, like a brilliant meteor from the sky.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Bhimasena (he)

• कुण्डलम् (kuṇḍalam) - earring, coiled object

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

• कर्णात् (karṇāt) - from the ear

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

• अपातयत् (apātayat) - caused to fall, struck down

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

• तपनीयम् (tapanīyam) - golden, made of gold

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• दीप्तम् (dīptam) - blazing, shining, resplendent

• ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - like a meteor (light, luster, heavenly body, meteor)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• अम्बरात् (ambarāt) - from the sky

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Bhimasena (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular masculine of 'tad'

कुण्डलम् (kuṇḍalam) - earring, coiled object

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kuṇḍala

kuṇḍala - earring, ring, coil

Note: Karna's earring

महत् (mahat) - great, large, mighty

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Present Active Participle (used as adjective)

Present active participle of 'mah' (to grow)

Root: mah (class 1)

कर्णात् (karṇāt) - from the ear

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear, Karna (proper name)

Note: Indicates separation: from Karna's ear

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (proper name), ear

Note: Indicates possession: belonging to Karna

अपातयत् (apātayat) - caused to fall, struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pat

Imperfect Active Causative

Formed from upasarga 'ā' + root 'pat' + causative suffix 'ṇic' + imperfect augment 'a' and ending

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

भुवि (bhuvi) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, ground, world

Note: Indicates the surface it fell upon

तपनीयम् (tapanīyam) - golden, made of gold

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapanīya

tapanīya - golden, to be heated

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

From root 'tap' (to heat, shine) + '-anīya' suffix, meaning 'fit to be heated' or 'golden' (from heating gold)

Root: tap (class 1)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

दीप्तम् (dīptam) - blazing, shining, resplendent

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dīpta

dīpta - blazing, shining, resplendent

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'dīp' (to shine, blaze) + 'kta' suffix

Root: dīp (class 4)

ज्योतिः (jyotiḥ) - like a meteor (light, luster, heavenly body, meteor)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jyotis

jyotis - light, luster, celestial body, star, meteor

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

अम्बरात् (ambarāt) - from the sky

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, garment

Note: Indicates the source in the simile: from the sky