महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-93, verse-65

क्षुधा निर्णुदति प्रज्ञां धर्म्यां बुद्धिं व्यपोहति ।
क्षुधापरिगतज्ञानो धृतिं त्यजति चैव ह ॥६५॥

65. kṣudhā nirṇudati prajñāṁ dharmyāṁ buddhiṁ vyapohati ,
kṣudhāparigatajñāno dhṛtiṁ tyajati caiva ha.

65. kṣudhā nirṇudati prajñām dharmyām buddhim vyapohati
kṣudhāparigatjñānaḥ dhṛtim tyajati ca eva ha

65. kṣudhā prajñām nirṇudati ca dharmyām buddhim vyapohati.
kṣudhāparigatjñānaḥ dhṛtim tyajati ca eva ha

65. Hunger dispels wisdom (prajñā) and drives away an intellect (buddhi) aligned with natural law (dharma). Indeed, one whose understanding is overwhelmed by hunger abandons fortitude.

Words meanings summery:

• क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - hunger (hunger, appetite)

• निर्णुदति (nirṇudati) - dispels (pushes away, removes, dispels)

• प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - wisdom (prajñā) (wisdom, insight, intelligence)

• धर्म्याम् (dharmyām) - aligned with natural law (righteous, virtuous, lawful, according to dharma)

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, mind, reason)

• व्यपोहति (vyapohati) - drives away (drives away, removes, dispels)

• क्षुधापरिगत्ज्ञानः (kṣudhāparigatjñānaḥ) - one whose understanding is overwhelmed by hunger (one whose knowledge is overwhelmed/clouded by hunger)

• धृतिम् (dhṛtim) - fortitude (firmness, resolve, fortitude, patience)

• त्यजति (tyajati) - abandons (abandons, gives up, forsakes)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, even)

• ह (ha) - indeed (reinforcing eva) (indeed, surely, an emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - hunger (hunger, appetite)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kṣudhā

kṣudhā - hunger, appetite

निर्णुदति (nirṇudati) - dispels (pushes away, removes, dispels)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nirṇud

Present active

From nis (prefix) + nud (to push, impel). n becomes ṇ due to retroflexion rule (Pāṇini 8.4.14).

Prefix: nis

Root: nud (class 6)

प्रज्ञाम् (prajñām) - wisdom (prajñā) (wisdom, insight, intelligence)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of prajñā

prajñā - wisdom, insight, intelligence, discernment (prajñā)

From pra (prefix) + root jñā (to know).

Prefix: pra

Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्म्याम् (dharmyām) - aligned with natural law (righteous, virtuous, lawful, according to dharma)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dharmya

dharmya - righteous, virtuous, lawful, according to natural law (dharma)

Derived from dharma + suffix ya (forming an adjective 'relating to dharma').

Note: Adjective modifying buddhim.

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect (buddhi) (intellect, understanding, mind, reason)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, mind, reason (buddhi)

Derived from root budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

व्यपोहति (vyapohati) - drives away (drives away, removes, dispels)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vyapoh

Present active

From vi (prefix) + apa (prefix) + ūh (to push, remove).

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: ūh (class 1)

क्षुधापरिगत्ज्ञानः (kṣudhāparigatjñānaḥ) - one whose understanding is overwhelmed by hunger (one whose knowledge is overwhelmed/clouded by hunger)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudhāparigatjñāna

kṣudhāparigatjñāna - one whose knowledge is overwhelmed/clouded by hunger

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (kṣudhā+parigata+jñāna)

• kṣudhā – hunger, appetite
  noun (feminine)
• parigata – overcome, surrounded, reached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From pari (prefix) + gam (to go, reach) + kta.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: gam (class 1)
• jñāna – knowledge, understanding, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  From root jñā (to know).
  Root: jñā (class 9)

धृतिम् (dhṛtim) - fortitude (firmness, resolve, fortitude, patience)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhṛti

dhṛti - firmness, resolve, fortitude, patience

From root dhṛ (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

त्यजति (tyajati) - abandons (abandons, gives up, forsakes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tyaj

Present active

Root: tyaj (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, even)

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

ह (ha) - indeed (reinforcing eva) (indeed, surely, an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

Particle.