महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-93, verse-40

भुक्त्वा तानपि सक्तून्स नैव तुष्टो बभूव ह ।
उञ्छवृत्तिस्तु सव्रीडो बभूव द्विजसत्तमः ॥४०॥

40. bhuktvā tānapi saktūnsa naiva tuṣṭo babhūva ha ,
uñchavṛttistu savrīḍo babhūva dvijasattamaḥ.

40. bhuktvā tān api saktūn saḥ na eva tuṣṭaḥ babhūva
ha uñchavṛttiḥ tu savrīḍaḥ babhūva dvijasattamaḥ

40. saḥ tān saktūn api bhuktvā eva na tuṣṭaḥ babhūva
ha tu uñchavṛttiḥ dvijasattamaḥ savrīḍaḥ babhūva

40. Even after eating those meals, he was not satisfied. But the excellent brahmin, who lived by gleaning, became quite ashamed.

Words meanings summery:

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating

• तान् (tān) - those meals (saktūn) (those)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• सक्तून् (saktūn) - roasted barley meal, flour, provisions

• सः (saḥ) - referring to the brahmin (he, that)

• न (na) - not, no

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - satisfied, pleased

• बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

• ह (ha) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle)

• उञ्छवृत्तिः (uñchavṛttiḥ) - referring to the brahmin (one who subsists by gleaning, a gleaner)

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• सव्रीडः (savrīḍaḥ) - ashamed, embarrassed

• बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

• द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - best of brahmins, excellent brahmin

Words meanings and morphology

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having eaten, after eating

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the root bhuj with the suffix -ktvā

Root: bhuj (class 7)

तान् (tān) - those meals (saktūn) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

सक्तून् (saktūn) - roasted barley meal, flour, provisions

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saktu

saktu - roasted grain meal, flour, provisions

Root: sañj

सः (saḥ) - referring to the brahmin (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - satisfied, pleased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tuṣṭa

tuṣṭa - satisfied, pleased, content

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root tuṣ (to be satisfied) with the suffix -kta.

Root: tuṣ (class 4)

बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root bhū, reduplicated perfect (lit), active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, truly (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

उञ्छवृत्तिः (uñchavṛttiḥ) - referring to the brahmin (one who subsists by gleaning, a gleaner)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uñchavṛtti

uñchavṛtti - livelihood by gleaning; one who lives by gleaning

Compound type : tatpurusha (uñcha+vṛtti)

• uñcha – gleaning, picking up grains
  noun (neuter)
• vṛtti – livelihood, mode of life, conduct
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: The compound describes the brahmin's mode of subsistence.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

सव्रीडः (savrīḍaḥ) - ashamed, embarrassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savrīḍa

savrīḍa - ashamed, embarrassed, modest

Formed with 'sa-' (with) and 'vrīḍā' (shame).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+vrīḍā)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
  Prefix/indeclinable indicating 'with'
• vrīḍā – shame, embarrassment
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vrīḍ (class 1)

बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of bhū

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root bhū, reduplicated perfect (lit), active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - best of brahmins, excellent brahmin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - the best of brahmins

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born (a brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: dvi
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama to 'sat' (good, existent)
  Root: as (class 2)