महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-93, verse-1

नकुल उवाच ।
हन्त वो वर्तयिष्यामि दानस्य परमं फलम् ।
न्यायलब्धस्य सूक्ष्मस्य विप्रदत्तस्य यद्द्विजाः ॥१॥

1. nakula uvāca ,
hanta vo vartayiṣyāmi dānasya paramaṁ phalam ,
nyāyalabdhasya sūkṣmasya vipradattasya yaddvijāḥ.

1. nakulaḥ uvāca hanta vaḥ vartayiṣyāmi dānasya paramam
phalam nyāya-labdhasya sūkṣmasya vipra-dattasya yat dvijāḥ

1. nakulaḥ uvāca hanta dvijāḥ vaḥ vartayiṣyāmi nyāya-labdhasya
sūkṣmasya vipra-dattasya dānasya yat paramam phalam

1. Nakula said: Indeed, O brahmins (dvija), I shall relate to you the supreme fruit of charity (dāna) that comes from what is rightfully acquired, even if subtle, and given to a brahmin.

Words meanings summery:

• नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula (the speaker) (mongoose, Nakula (name of a Pandava))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• हन्त (hanta) - indeed (introducing a statement) (alas, indeed, well then)

• वः (vaḥ) - to you (the brahmins being addressed) (to you, of you (plural))

• वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I shall relate/narrate (I shall cause to turn, I shall relate/narrate)

• दानस्य (dānasya) - of charity (dāna) (of giving, of charity, of a gift)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, best

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

• न्याय-लब्धस्य (nyāya-labdhasya) - of what is rightfully acquired, justly obtained

• सूक्ष्मस्य (sūkṣmasya) - even if subtle (referring to the fruit's origin) (of the subtle, minute, fine)

• विप्र-दत्तस्य (vipra-dattasya) - of that which is given to a brahmin

• यत् (yat) - which (referring to the fruit) (which, that)

• द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - O brahmins! (O brahmins!, O twice-born ones!)

Words meanings and morphology

नकुलः (nakulaḥ) - Nakula (the speaker) (mongoose, Nakula (name of a Pandava))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nakula

nakula - mongoose, Nakula (name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (Liṭ) 3rd person singular of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

हन्त (hanta) - indeed (introducing a statement) (alas, indeed, well then)

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - to you (the brahmins being addressed) (to you, of you (plural))

(pronoun)

plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here used as dative 'to you'.

वर्तयिष्यामि (vartayiṣyāmi) - I shall relate/narrate (I shall cause to turn, I shall relate/narrate)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vṛt

Future tense (lṛṭ) of causative of √vṛt

Causative stem vartay- + future suffix -iṣya- + mi (1st person singular)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

दानस्य (dānasya) - of charity (dāna) (of giving, of charity, of a gift)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, charity, liberality

From √dā (to give) + ana (suffix)

Root: dā (class 3)

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest, best

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - highest, supreme, best, ultimate

Note: Qualifies 'phalam'.

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, consequence

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Object of 'vartayiṣyāmi'.

न्याय-लब्धस्य (nyāya-labdhasya) - of what is rightfully acquired, justly obtained

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of nyāyalabdha

nyāyalabdha - rightfully acquired, justly obtained

Past Passive Participle

From nyāya (justice, right) + labdha (obtained). Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (nyāya+labdha)

• nyāya – justice, rule, method, logical argument
  noun (masculine)
• labdha – obtained, acquired, gained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √labh (to obtain) + kta
  Root: labh (class 1)

सूक्ष्मस्य (sūkṣmasya) - even if subtle (referring to the fruit's origin) (of the subtle, minute, fine)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sūkṣma

sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate

Note: Qualifies 'phalam'.

विप्र-दत्तस्य (vipra-dattasya) - of that which is given to a brahmin

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vipradatta

vipradatta - given to a brahmin

Past Passive Participle

From vipra (brahmin) + datta (given). Tatpurusha compound.

Compound type : tatpurusha (vipra+datta)

• vipra – brahmin, inspired, wise
  noun (masculine)
• datta – given, granted
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From √dā (to give) + kta
  Root: dā (class 3)

यत् (yat) - which (referring to the fruit) (which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, what, that

Note: Can also be accusative. Here nominative.

द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - O brahmins! (O brahmins!, O twice-born ones!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born, brahmin, bird, snake, tooth

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  indeclinable
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  adjective from root jan
  Suffix -a from root jan- (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)