महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-93, verse-39

इत्युक्त्वादाय तान्सक्तून्प्रीतात्मा द्विजसत्तमः ।
प्रहसन्निव विप्राय स तस्मै प्रददौ तदा ॥३९॥

39. ityuktvādāya tānsaktūnprītātmā dvijasattamaḥ ,
prahasanniva viprāya sa tasmai pradadau tadā.

39. iti uktvā ādāya tān saktūn prīta ātmā dvijasattamaḥ
prahasan iva viprāya sa tasmai pradadau tadā

39. dvijasattamaḥ saḥ iti uktvā tān saktūn ādāya prīta
ātmā prahasan iva tadā tasmai viprāya pradadau

39. Having said this and taken those groats, the best among the twice-born (the father), with a pleased mind, as if smiling, then gave them to that Brahmin (his son).

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having accepted

• तान् (tān) - those

• सक्तून् (saktūn) - groats, barley meal

• प्रीत (prīta) - pleased, delighted, satisfied

• आत्मा (ātmā) - The inner self or mind (as part of a compound) (self, mind)

• द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - The father (a Brahmin), who is the best among the twice-born. (the best of the twice-born)

• प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

• विप्राय (viprāya) - To his son, who is a Brahmin. (to the Brahmin)

• स (sa) - he, that

• तस्मै (tasmai) - Refers to the same Brahmin (son) as 'viprāya'. (to him, to that)

• प्रददौ (pradadau) - he gave, he offered

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Particle introducing or concluding direct speech.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

आदाय (ādāya) - having taken, having accepted

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dā with prefix ā-, ending in -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this

Masculine accusative plural of 'tad'.

सक्तून् (saktūn) - groats, barley meal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of saktu

saktu - groats, flour of roasted grain (especially barley)

Masculine u-stem noun.

Root: saj (class 1)

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

प्रीत (prīta) - pleased, delighted, satisfied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prīta

prīta - pleased, delighted, satisfied, beloved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root prī (to please, to love)

Root: prī (class 9)

आत्मा (ātmā) - The inner self or mind (as part of a compound) (self, mind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, life, mind, body

Masculine noun

Note: The compound 'prītātmā' means 'one whose self/mind is pleased'.

द्विजसत्तमः (dvijasattamaḥ) - The father (a Brahmin), who is the best among the twice-born. (the best of the twice-born)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best of the twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), best of Brahmins

Compound with superlative suffix -tama.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born, Brahmin, bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from dvi (twice) + jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective
  Superlative suffix -tama

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रहसन् (prahasan) - smiling, laughing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahasat

prahasat - smiling, laughing, joyous

Present Active Participle

Derived from root has (to laugh) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Describes the manner of the action.

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

विप्राय (viprāya) - To his son, who is a Brahmin. (to the Brahmin)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, sage, inspired, learned

Masculine noun

Root: vip

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

Note: Subject of 'pradadau'.

तस्मै (tasmai) - Refers to the same Brahmin (son) as 'viprāya'. (to him, to that)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Masculine dative singular of 'tad'.

Note: Redundant dative for emphasis, or simply referring to the recipient.

प्रददौ (pradadau) - he gave, he offered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect tense form

Root in 3rd class (juhoty-ādi) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.