महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-93, verse-3

सभार्यः सह पुत्रेण सस्नुषस्तपसि स्थितः ।
वधूचतुर्थो वृद्धः स धर्मात्मा नियतेन्द्रियः ॥३॥

3. sabhāryaḥ saha putreṇa sasnuṣastapasi sthitaḥ ,
vadhūcaturtho vṛddhaḥ sa dharmātmā niyatendriyaḥ.

3. sa-bhāryaḥ saha putreṇa sa-snuṣaḥ tapasi sthitaḥ
vadhū-caturthaḥ vṛddhaḥ saḥ dharma-ātmā niyata-indriyaḥ

3. saḥ vṛddhaḥ sa-bhāryaḥ putreṇa saha sa-snuṣaḥ
vadhū-caturthaḥ tapasi sthitaḥ dharma-ātmā niyata-indriyaḥ

3. He, an old man, was engaged in austerity (tapas) with his wife, his son, and his daughter-in-law, making a group of four with the daughter-in-law. He was righteous (dharmātmā) and had controlled senses.

Words meanings summery:

• स-भार्यः (sa-bhāryaḥ) - with wife, accompanied by wife

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by/with son

• स-स्नुषः (sa-snuṣaḥ) - with daughter-in-law, accompanied by daughter-in-law

• तपसि (tapasi) - in austerity (tapas) (in austerity, penance)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - engaged in (situated, standing, engaged in)

• वधू-चतुर्थः (vadhū-caturthaḥ) - with the daughter-in-law as the fourth (person in their group) (having the daughter-in-law as the fourth (person))

• वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old man (old, aged, grown)

• सः (saḥ) - he (the brahmin mentioned in previous verse) (he, that)

• धर्म-आत्मा (dharma-ātmā) - righteous (dharmātmā) (righteous-souled, virtuous, whose nature is dharma)

• नियत-इन्द्रियः (niyata-indriyaḥ) - with controlled senses, having restrained senses

Words meanings and morphology

स-भार्यः (sa-bhāryaḥ) - with wife, accompanied by wife

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabhārya

sabhārya - with one's wife, accompanied by wife

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bhāryā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bhāryā – wife, married woman
  noun (feminine)
  Root: bhṛ (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (the old man).

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

पुत्रेण (putreṇa) - by/with son

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Governed by 'saha'.

स-स्नुषः (sa-snuṣaḥ) - with daughter-in-law, accompanied by daughter-in-law

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sasnuṣa

sasnuṣa - with daughter-in-law, accompanied by daughter-in-law

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+snuṣā)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• snuṣā – daughter-in-law
  noun (feminine)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (the old man).

तपसि (tapasi) - in austerity (tapas) (in austerity, penance)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - engaged in (situated, standing, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - stood, situated, existing, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From √sthā (to stand) + kta

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (the old man).

वधू-चतुर्थः (vadhū-caturthaḥ) - with the daughter-in-law as the fourth (person in their group) (having the daughter-in-law as the fourth (person))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhūcaturtha

vadhūcaturtha - having the daughter-in-law as the fourth, with daughter-in-law as one of four

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vadhū+caturtha)

• vadhū – daughter-in-law, wife, bride
  noun (feminine)
• caturtha – fourth
  adjective (masculine)
  Ordinal number from catur (four)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ' (the old man).

वृद्धः (vṛddhaḥ) - old man (old, aged, grown)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, augmented

Past Passive Participle

From √vṛdh (to grow, increase) + kta

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - he (the brahmin mentioned in previous verse) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the dvija.

धर्म-आत्मा (dharma-ātmā) - righteous (dharmātmā) (righteous-souled, virtuous, whose nature is dharma)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous-souled, virtuous, whose nature is dharma

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, duty, law, constitution, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
  Root: at (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

नियत-इन्द्रियः (niyata-indriyaḥ) - with controlled senses, having restrained senses

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niyatendriya

niyatendriya - having controlled senses, disciplined in senses

Compound type : bahuvrihi (niyata+indriya)

• niyata – controlled, restrained, regulated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From ni-√yam (to restrain) + kta
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty, vital power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.