महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-94, verse-94

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तद्दृष्ट्वा दुष्करं कर्म कृतं भीष्मेण शंतनुः ।
स्वच्छन्दमरणं तस्मै ददौ तुष्टः पिता स्वयम् ॥९४॥

94. taddṛṣṭvā duṣkaraṁ karma kṛtaṁ bhīṣmeṇa śaṁtanuḥ ,
svacchandamaraṇaṁ tasmai dadau tuṣṭaḥ pitā svayam.

94. tat dṛṣṭvā duṣkaram karma kṛtam bhīṣmeṇa śaṃtanuḥ
svacchandamaraṇam tasmai dadau tuṣṭaḥ pitā svayam

94. Seeing that formidable deed performed by Bhishma, his father Shantanu, being pleased, himself granted him the boon of death at will.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

तत् (tat) - that (deed) (that, it)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, formidable

कर्म (karma) - deed, action

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

शंतनुः (śaṁtanuḥ) - Shantanu (proper noun, king) (Shantanu)

स्वच्छन्दमरणम् (svacchandamaraṇam) - the boon of death at will (death at will, optional death)

तस्मै (tasmai) - to Bhishma (to him)

ददौ (dadau) - he gave, granted

तुष्टः (tuṣṭaḥ) - pleased, satisfied

पिता (pitā) - father (Shantanu) (father)

स्वयम् (svayam) - oneself, personally, himself

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that (deed) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with 'ktvā' suffix.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive verb form.

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, formidable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard, formidable, impossible

Derived from 'dus' (difficult) and root 'kṛ' (to do).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+kara)

dus – bad, difficult, ill
indeclinable
kara – making, doing, causing
adjective (masculine)
agent noun/derivative
Derived from root kṛ + suffix -a.
Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifying 'karma'.

कर्म (karma) - deed, action

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual

Derived from root kṛ (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, performed, accomplished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with 'kta' suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies 'karma'.

भीष्मेण (bhīṣmeṇa) - by Bhishma

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character), terrible, formidable

From root 'bhīṣ' (to frighten) or 'bhī' (to fear).

Root: bhīṣ (class 10)

Note: Agent of 'kṛtam'.

शंतनुः (śaṁtanuḥ) - Shantanu (proper noun, king) (Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṃtanu

śaṁtanu - Shantanu (a king of the Kuru dynasty, father of Bhishma)

Note: Subject of 'dadau'.

स्वच्छन्दमरणम् (svacchandamaraṇam) - the boon of death at will (death at will, optional death)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of svacchandamaraṇa

svacchandamaraṇa - death at one's own will or choice

Compound of 'svacchanda' (self-willed) and 'maraṇa' (death).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (svacchanda+maraṇa)

svacchanda – self-willed, free will, independent, arbitrary
adjective (masculine)
Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'chanda' (will).
maraṇa – dying, death
noun (neuter)
action noun
Derived from root 'mṛ' (to die) with 'ana' suffix.
Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of 'dadau'.

तस्मै (tasmai) - to Bhishma (to him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him, it

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

ददौ (dadau) - he gave, granted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Lit) of dā

Reduplicated root for perfect tense.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: 3rd person singular perfect active form.