महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-94, verse-53

स चिन्तयन्नेव तदा दाशकन्यां महीपतिः ।
प्रत्ययाद्धास्तिनपुरं शोकोपहतचेतनः ॥५३॥

53. sa cintayanneva tadā dāśakanyāṁ mahīpatiḥ ,
pratyayāddhāstinapuraṁ śokopahatacetanaḥ.

53. saḥ cintayan eva tadā dāśakanyām mahīpatiḥ
pratyāyāt hāstinapuram śokopahatacetanaḥ

53. The king, constantly thinking of the fisherman's daughter, returned to Hāstinapura, his mind afflicted by grief.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, contemplating

• एव (eva) - Emphasizing the continuous nature of his thought. (indeed, just, only, exactly)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• दाशकन्याम् (dāśakanyām) - Refers to Satyavatī. (fisherman's daughter)

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - Refers to King Śantanu. (king, lord of the earth)

• प्रत्यायात् (pratyāyāt) - returned, went back

• हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - The capital city of the Kurus. (Hāstinapura (city))

• शोकोपहतचेतनः (śokopahatacetanaḥ) - Describes King Śantanu's state. (one whose mind is afflicted by grief)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

चिन्तयन् (cintayan) - thinking, contemplating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cintayat

cintayat - thinking, contemplating

Present Active Participle

From √cint (to think), 10th class, with suffix -śatṛ

Root: cit (class 10)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing the subject 'saḥ'.

एव (eva) - Emphasizing the continuous nature of his thought. (indeed, just, only, exactly)

(indeclinable)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Suffix -dā to 'tad'

दाशकन्याम् (dāśakanyām) - Refers to Satyavatī. (fisherman's daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dāśakanyā

dāśakanyā - fisherman's daughter

Compound type : tatpurusha (dāśa+kanyā)

• dāśa – fisherman
  noun (masculine)
• kanyā – daughter, girl, maiden
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of his thoughts.

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - Refers to King Śantanu. (king, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

प्रत्यायात् (pratyāyāt) - returned, went back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (luṅ) of pratyāyā

Aorist 3rd Person Singular

From √i (to go) with upasargas prati and ā. Aorist root aorist form.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: i (class 2)

हास्तिनपुरम् (hāstinapuram) - The capital city of the Kurus. (Hāstinapura (city))

(proper noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of hāstinapura

hāstinapura - Hāstinapura (a city name)

Note: Object of the verb 'returned to'.

शोकोपहतचेतनः (śokopahatacetanaḥ) - Describes King Śantanu's state. (one whose mind is afflicted by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokopahatacetana

śokopahatacetana - whose mind is struck by grief

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śoka+upahata+cetana)

• śoka – grief, sorrow
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• upahata – struck, afflicted, damaged
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √han (to strike, kill) with upasarga upa.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)
• cetana – consciousness, mind, soul
  noun (masculine)
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Describes 'mahīpatiḥ'.