महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-94, verse-30

अलंकृतामाभरणैररजोम्बरधारिणीम् ।
दृष्टपूर्वामपि सतीं नाभ्यजानात्स शंतनुः ॥३०॥

30. alaṁkṛtāmābharaṇairarajombaradhāriṇīm ,
dṛṣṭapūrvāmapi satīṁ nābhyajānātsa śaṁtanuḥ.

30. alaṅkṛtām ābharaṇaiḥ arajo'mbaradhāriṇīm
dṛṣṭapūrvām api satīm na abhyajānāt sa śantanuḥ

30. Though she was adorned with ornaments and wearing immaculate garments, and he had certainly seen her before, King Shantanu did not recognize her.

Words meanings summery:

• अलङ्कृताम् (alaṅkṛtām) - (Ganga who was) adorned (adorned, decorated)

• आभरणैः (ābharaṇaiḥ) - by ornaments

• अरजो&#०३९;म्बरधारिणीम् (arajo'mbaradhāriṇīm) - (Ganga who was) wearing immaculate garments (wearing clean garments, clad in spotless robes)

• दृष्टपूर्वाम् (dṛṣṭapūrvām) - (Ganga, who had been) seen before (by him) (seen before)

• अपि (api) - though (emphasizing a contrast) (even, also, though)

• सतीम् (satīm) - though being (Ganga) (being, existing, virtuous woman)

• न (na) - not

• अभ्यजानात् (abhyajānāt) - did not recognize

• स (sa) - he, that

• शन्तनुः (śantanuḥ) - Shantanu

Words meanings and morphology

अलङ्कृताम् (alaṅkṛtām) - (Ganga who was) adorned (adorned, decorated)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of alaṅkṛta

alaṅkṛta - adorned, decorated, ornamented

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verb alaṅkṛ (to adorn)

Prefix: alam

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Past passive participle, agrees with implicit 'her' (Ganga).

आभरणैः (ābharaṇaiḥ) - by ornaments

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of ābharaṇa

ābharaṇa - ornament, decoration, jewelry

Prefix: ā

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Instrument of alaṅkṛtām.

अरजो&#०३९;म्बरधारिणीम् (arajo'mbaradhāriṇīm) - (Ganga who was) wearing immaculate garments (wearing clean garments, clad in spotless robes)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of arajo'mbaradhāriṇī

arajo'mbaradhāriṇī - wearing dustless or immaculate garments

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (arajas+ambara+dhāriṇī)

• arajas – dustless, spotless, pure
  adjective
  Prefix: a
  Root: raj (class 1)
• ambara – garment, sky
  noun (neuter)
• dhāriṇī – wearing, holding, bearing (feminine)
  adjective (feminine)
  agent noun/adjective
  Derived from root dhṛ (to hold, bear, wear) + ṇini suffix + ī for feminine.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with implicit 'her' (Ganga).

दृष्टपूर्वाम् (dṛṣṭapūrvām) - (Ganga, who had been) seen before (by him) (seen before)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dṛṣṭapūrvā

dṛṣṭapūrvā - seen before, previously seen

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dṛṣṭa+pūrvā)

• dṛṣṭa – seen
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dṛś (to see)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• pūrva – previous, former, before
  adjective (feminine)

Note: Past passive participle compound, agrees with implicit 'her' (Ganga).

अपि (api) - though (emphasizing a contrast) (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to dṛṣṭapūrvām.

सतीम् (satīm) - though being (Ganga) (being, existing, virtuous woman)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of satī

satī - being, existing (feminine), virtuous woman

Present active participle

Feminine accusative singular of present active participle of root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Present active participle, agreeing with implicit 'her' (Ganga).

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अभ्यजानात् (abhyajānāt) - did not recognize

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhijñā

Imperfect

3rd person singular imperfect active of root jñā (class 9) with upasarga abhi. Reduplicated in present system, but imperfect form here.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Root jñā is class 9, takes nā infix in present forms.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative singular form of 'tad', refers to Shantanu.

शन्तनुः (śantanuḥ) - Shantanu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śantanu

śantanu - Shantanu (name of a king)

Note: Subject of na abhyajānāt.