महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-94, verse-21

स कदाचिन्मृगं विद्ध्वा गङ्गामनुसरन्नदीम् ।
भागीरथीमल्पजलां शंतनुर्दृष्टवान्नृपः ॥२१॥

21. sa kadācinmṛgaṁ viddhvā gaṅgāmanusarannadīm ,
bhāgīrathīmalpajalāṁ śaṁtanurdṛṣṭavānnṛpaḥ.

21. sa kadācit mṛgam viddhvā gaṅgām anusaran nadīm
| bhāgīrathīm alpajalām śaṃtanuḥ dṛṣṭavān nṛpaḥ

21. One day, King Shantanu, after striking a deer, followed the Gaṅgā river and saw the Bhāgīrathī, which had little water.

21. פעם אחת, אחרי שפגע בצבי, הלך המלך שַׁנְטַנוּ לאורך נהר גַנְגָה וראה את בְּהָאגִירַטְהִי, הוא הנהר, כשמימיו מועטים.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - King Shantanu (he)

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometimes, at some time

• मृगम् (mṛgam) - deer, animal

• विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced/struck

• गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Ganga (river)

• अनुसरन् (anusaran) - following, pursuing

• नदीम् (nadīm) - river

• भागीरथीम् (bhāgīrathīm) - Bhāgīrathī (a name for the Gaṅgā)

• अल्पजलाम् (alpajalām) - with little water

• शंतनुः (śaṁtanuḥ) - Shantanu (proper name)

• दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - saw, beheld

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - King Shantanu (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कदाचित् (kadācit) - once, sometimes, at some time

(indeclinable)

मृगम् (mṛgam) - deer, animal

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, beast

विद्ध्वा (viddhvā) - having pierced/struck

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root √vyadh (to pierce, strike). The absolutive form is 'viddhvā'.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

गङ्गाम् (gaṅgām) - Ganga (river)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gaṅgā

gaṅgā - the river Gaṅgā

अनुसरन् (anusaran) - following, pursuing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anusarat

anusarat - following, going after

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √sṛ (to go, flow) with upasarga 'anu' (after, along).

Prefix: anu

Root: sṛ (class 1)

नदीम् (nadīm) - river

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river, stream

भागीरथीम् (bhāgīrathīm) - Bhāgīrathī (a name for the Gaṅgā)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāgīrathī

bhāgīrathī - the Gaṅgā (as brought by Bhagīratha), daughter of Bhagīratha

अल्पजलाम् (alpajalām) - with little water

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of alpajalā

alpajalā - having little water

Compound type : bahuvrihi (alpa+jala)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

शंतनुः (śaṁtanuḥ) - Shantanu (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaṃtanu

śaṁtanu - Shantanu (a king of the Lunar Dynasty)

दृष्टवान् (dṛṣṭavān) - saw, beheld

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭavat

dṛṣṭavat - having seen

Past Active Participle

Derived from the root √dṛś (to see) with the suffix -vat.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')

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