योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-81, verse-14

देहदुःखं विदुर्व्याधिमाध्याख्यं वासनामयम् ।
मौर्ख्यमूले हि ते विद्यात्तत्त्वज्ञाने परिक्षयः ॥ १४ ॥

dehaduḥkhaṃ vidurvyādhimādhyākhyaṃ vāsanāmayam ,
maurkhyamūle hi te vidyāttattvajñāne parikṣayaḥ 14

14. deha-duḥkham viduḥ vyādhim ādhi-ākhyam vāsanā-mayam
maurkya-mūle hi te vidyāt tattva-jñāne parikṣayaḥ

14. viduḥ deha-duḥkham vyādhim
ādhi-ākhyam vāsanā-mayam (ca viduḥ) hi
te maurkya-mūle (sthaḥ) vidyāt
tattva-jñāne parikṣayaḥ (bhavati)

14. They understand bodily suffering as disease (vyādhi). That which is called mental anguish (ādhi) is rooted in latent mental impressions (vāsanā-maya). Indeed, one should know that both of these have their root in ignorance (maurkya), and their complete destruction occurs through the knowledge of reality (tattva-jñāna).

Words meanings summery:

• देह-दुःखम् (deha-duḥkham) - bodily suffering (bodily pain, suffering of the body)

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they understand/consider (they know, they understand)

• व्याधिम् (vyādhim) - disease (vyādhi) (disease, sickness)

• आधि-आख्यम् (ādhi-ākhyam) - that which is called mental anguish (ādhi) (that which is called ādhi, known as ādhi)

• वासना-मयम् (vāsanā-mayam) - rooted in latent mental impressions (vāsanā-maya) (composed of latent impressions, full of vāsanās)

• मौर्क्य-मूले (maurkya-mūle) - in ignorance (maurkya) as their root (at the root of ignorance, having ignorance as root)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• ते (te) - both of these (ādhi and vyādhi) (those two)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know (one should know, one should understand)

• तत्त्व-ज्ञाने (tattva-jñāne) - through the knowledge of reality (tattva-jñāna) (in the knowledge of reality, by means of knowledge of truth)

• परिक्षयः (parikṣayaḥ) - complete destruction (complete destruction, total annihilation)

Words meanings and morphology

देह-दुःखम् (deha-duḥkham) - bodily suffering (bodily pain, suffering of the body)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of deha-duḥkha

deha-duḥkha - bodily pain, physical suffering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deha+duḥkha)

• deha – body, corporeal frame
  noun (masculine)
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of viduḥ.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they understand/consider (they know, they understand)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Active, 3rd Person Plural

From root 'vid', present tense, 3rd person plural active.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject is implied, generally 'people' or 'the wise'.

व्याधिम् (vyādhim) - disease (vyādhi) (disease, sickness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, sickness, ailment

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Acts as the predicate object of deha-duḥkham.

आधि-आख्यम् (ādhi-ākhyam) - that which is called mental anguish (ādhi) (that which is called ādhi, known as ādhi)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ādhi-ākhya

ādhi-ākhya - called by the name ādhi

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ādhi+ākhya)

• ādhi – mental pain, anxiety, worry, distress
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• ākhya – named, called, designated
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'khyā' (to name, to tell), with prefix 'ā', and suffix '-ya'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: khyā (class 2)

Note: Modifies the implied object or forms a compound with vāsanā-mayam.

वासना-मयम् (vāsanā-mayam) - rooted in latent mental impressions (vāsanā-maya) (composed of latent impressions, full of vāsanās)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vāsanā-maya

vāsanā-maya - consisting of vāsanās, formed from vāsanās

Compound with suffix '-maya' indicating 'composed of' or 'full of'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāsanā+maya)

• vāsanā – latent impression, mental trace, habit, desire
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vas (class 1)
• maya – made of, consisting of, full of
  suffix (neuter)

Note: Adjective modifying the implied ādhi or ādhyākhyam.

मौर्क्य-मूले (maurkya-mūle) - in ignorance (maurkya) as their root (at the root of ignorance, having ignorance as root)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of maurkya-mūla

maurkya-mūla - ignorance as root, having ignorance as its basis

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (maurkya+mūla)

• maurkya – ignorance, stupidity, foolishness
  noun (neuter)
• mūla – root, origin, foundation, basis
  noun (neuter)

Note: Indicates the location of the root for ādhi and vyādhi.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

ते (te) - both of these (ādhi and vyādhi) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to ādhi and vyādhi.

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should know (one should know, one should understand)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vid

Optative Active, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'vid', optative mood, 3rd person singular active.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Implies a general subject like 'one' or 'a person'.

तत्त्व-ज्ञाने (tattva-jñāne) - through the knowledge of reality (tattva-jñāna) (in the knowledge of reality, by means of knowledge of truth)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tattva-jñāna

tattva-jñāna - knowledge of truth, knowledge of reality, knowledge of the true nature of things

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+jñāna)

• tattva – truth, reality, principle
  noun (neuter)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, understanding
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'jñā' (to know), with suffix '-ana'.
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Indicates the means or condition for destruction.

परिक्षयः (parikṣayaḥ) - complete destruction (complete destruction, total annihilation)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parikṣaya

parikṣaya - complete destruction, total decay, ruin, end

Prefix: pari

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Subject of an implied verb 'is' or 'occurs'.