योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-6, chapter-81, verse-12

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
आधयो व्याधयश्चैव द्वयं दुःखस्य कारणम् ।
तन्निवृत्तिः सुखं विद्यात्तत्क्षयो मोक्ष उच्यते ॥ १२ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
ādhayo vyādhayaścaiva dvayaṃ duḥkhasya kāraṇam ,
tannivṛttiḥ sukhaṃ vidyāttatkṣayo mokṣa ucyate 12

12. śrī vasiṣṭha uvāca ādhiyaḥ vyādhayaḥ ca eva dvayam duḥkhasya
kāraṇam tat nivṛttiḥ sukham vidyāt tat kṣayaḥ mokṣaḥ ucyate

12. śrī vasiṣṭha uvāca ādhiyaḥ vyādhayaḥ ca eva dvayam duḥkhasya
kāraṇam tat nivṛttiḥ sukham vidyāt tat kṣayaḥ mokṣaḥ ucyate

12. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: Mental anguish (ādhi) and physical ailments (vyādhi)—these two are indeed the cause of suffering. One should understand that their cessation is happiness, and their complete destruction is termed liberation (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• श्री (śrī) - venerable (prefix to a name) (auspicious, venerable, prosperity)

• वसिष्ठ (vasiṣṭha) - Vasiṣṭha (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आधियः (ādhiyaḥ) - mental anguish (ādhi) (mental anxieties, worries, distresses)

• व्याधयः (vyādhayaḥ) - physical ailments (vyādhi) (diseases, ailments, sicknesses)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• द्वयम् (dvayam) - these two (a pair, a couple, two)

• दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of suffering (of suffering, of pain, of misery)

• कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause (cause, reason, instrument)

• तत् (tat) - their (referring to ādhi and vyādhi) (that, its)

• निवृत्तिः (nivṛttiḥ) - cessation (cessation, discontinuation, disappearance)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, pleasure, ease)

• विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should understand (one should know, one should understand)

• तत् (tat) - their (referring to ādhi and vyādhi) (that, its)

• क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - complete destruction (destruction, end, loss, decay)

• मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, emancipation, release)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is termed (is said, is called, is termed)

Words meanings and morphology

श्री (śrī) - venerable (prefix to a name) (auspicious, venerable, prosperity)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, auspiciousness, beauty, veneration; a goddess, Lakṣmī

Note: Used here as an honorific prefix.

वसिष्ठ (vasiṣṭha) - Vasiṣṭha (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a celebrated sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'vac', perfect tense, 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

आधियः (ādhiyaḥ) - mental anguish (ādhi) (mental anxieties, worries, distresses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ādhi

ādhi - mental pain, anxiety, worry, distress

Prefix: ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

व्याधयः (vyādhayaḥ) - physical ailments (vyādhi) (diseases, ailments, sicknesses)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyādhi

vyādhi - disease, sickness, ailment

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

द्वयम् (dvayam) - these two (a pair, a couple, two)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvaya

dvaya - a pair, a couple, a duo, two

Note: Refers to ādhi and vyādhi.

दुःखस्य (duḥkhasya) - of suffering (of suffering, of pain, of misery)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, misery, sorrow, distress

कारणम् (kāraṇam) - cause (cause, reason, instrument)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, origin, instrument, motive

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तत् (tat) - their (referring to ādhi and vyādhi) (that, its)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here demonstratively referring to the previously mentioned ādhi and vyādhi.

निवृत्तिः (nivṛttiḥ) - cessation (cessation, discontinuation, disappearance)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of nivṛtti

nivṛtti - cessation, retirement, turning away, disappearance, ending

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, pleasure, ease)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort, ease

Note: Acts as predicate to nivṛttiḥ.

विद्यात् (vidyāt) - one should understand (one should know, one should understand)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of vid

Optative Active, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'vid', optative mood, 3rd person singular active.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Implies a general subject like 'one' or 'a person'.

तत् (tat) - their (referring to ādhi and vyādhi) (that, its)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used here demonstratively, referring to ādhi and vyādhi.

क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - complete destruction (destruction, end, loss, decay)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, end, decay, loss, waste

Root: kṣi (class 1)

मोक्षः (mokṣaḥ) - liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, emancipation, release)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, emancipation, freedom from transmigration, release

From root muc (to release), with suffix -sa.

Root: muc (class 6)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is termed (is said, is called, is termed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Passive, 3rd Person Singular

From root 'vac', present tense, 3rd person singular passive.

Root: vac (class 2)