वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-3, chapter-10, verse-82

नाम्ना चेयं भगवतो दक्षिणा दिक् प्रदक्षिणा ।
प्रथिता त्रिषु लोकेषु दुर्धर्षा क्रूरकर्मभिः ॥८२॥

82. nāmnā ceyaṃ bhagavato dakṣiṇā dik pradakṣiṇā ,
prathitā triṣu lokeṣu durdharṣā krūrakarmabhiḥ.

82. nāmnā ca iyam bhagavataḥ dakṣiṇā dik pradakṣiṇā
prathitā triṣu lokeṣu durdharṣā krūrakarmabhiḥ

82. iyam dakṣiṇā dik nāmnā ca bhagavataḥ pradakṣiṇā
prathitā triṣu lokeṣu krūrakarmabhiḥ durdharṣā

82. This southern direction, known by the name of the venerable one, is considered auspicious (pradakṣiṇā). It is famous in the three worlds and unassailable by those of cruel deeds.

Words meanings summery:

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by the name of

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• इयम् (iyam) - this (southern direction) (this, she)

• भगवतः (bhagavataḥ) - of the venerable (sage Agastya) (of the venerable one, of the divine one, of the lord)

• दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - southern (direction) (southern, right, skillful, offering)

• दिक् (dik) - direction, quarter of the sky

• प्रदक्षिणा (pradakṣiṇā) - auspicious (direction) (auspicious, reverential, circumambulation (in a clockwise direction))

• प्रथिता (prathitā) - famous, celebrated, renowned

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds

• दुर्धर्षा (durdharṣā) - unassailable, unconquerable, difficult to overcome

• क्रूरकर्मभिः (krūrakarmabhiḥ) - by those of cruel deeds

Words meanings and morphology

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by the name of

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation, fame, renown

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

इयम् (iyam) - this (southern direction) (this, she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

भगवतः (bhagavataḥ) - of the venerable (sage Agastya) (of the venerable one, of the divine one, of the lord)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - venerable, glorious, divine, fortunate, prosperous, lord

दक्षिणा (dakṣiṇā) - southern (direction) (southern, right, skillful, offering)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇa

dakṣiṇa - southern, right (direction), skillful, adept, an offering/gift

Note: Qualifies 'dik'.

दिक् (dik) - direction, quarter of the sky

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region, space

प्रदक्षिणा (pradakṣiṇā) - auspicious (direction) (auspicious, reverential, circumambulation (in a clockwise direction))

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pradakṣiṇa

pradakṣiṇa - auspicious, reverential, facing the right, clockwise (circumambulation)

Note: Qualifies 'dik'.

प्रथिता (prathitā) - famous, celebrated, renowned

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prathita

prathita - famous, celebrated, renowned, published, spread

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √prath- with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: prath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'dik'.

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

(numeral)

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe

दुर्धर्षा (durdharṣā) - unassailable, unconquerable, difficult to overcome

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durdharṣa

durdharṣa - unassailable, unconquerable, difficult to overcome, formidable

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle (secondary formation with 'dur-')

Derived from root √dhṛṣ with prefix dur- (difficulty/badness). Literally 'difficult to be assailed'.

Compound type : Pradi-samāsa (Upapada Tatpuruṣa) (dur+dharṣa)

• dur – difficult, bad, ill
  indeclinable
• dharṣa – assault, attack, boldness; assailing, attacking
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root
  From √dhṛṣ (to be bold, to assail)
  Root: dhṛṣ (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'dik'.

क्रूरकर्मभिः (krūrakarmabhiḥ) - by those of cruel deeds

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of krūrakarman

krūrakarman - one whose deeds are cruel, cruel-doer, perpetrator of cruel acts

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (krūra+karman)

• krūra – cruel, fierce, harsh, dreadful
  adjective (masculine)
• karman – deed, action, work, ritual action (karma)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Acts as an agent for 'durdharṣā'.